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IM2 > Insulin > Flashcards

Insulin Flashcards

1
Q

What is endogenous insulin

A

originates within the body

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2
Q

What is exogenous insulin

A

originates outside the body

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3
Q

exogenous insulin restores the cells in the body to do what with glucose

A

use glucose as energy

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4
Q

what does exogenous insulin correct

A

hyperglycemia

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5
Q

what type of diabetes does exogenous insulin treat

A

both type 1 & type 2

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6
Q

what levels does insulin lower (think electrolyte/lab)

A

plasma potassium

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7
Q

What is human insulin (insulin treatment)

A

identical to insulin produced by the pancreas

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8
Q

what is human insulin analogs (insulin treatment)

A

modified forms of human insulin

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9
Q

what does basal-bolus insulin therapy mimic

A

mimics physiological insulin secretion of a “normal” pancreas

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10
Q

what does basal mean in the basal-bolus insulin therapy process

A

a little insulin all day and night

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11
Q

what does bolus mean in the basal-bolus insulin therapy process

A

burst of insulin with meals to cover carbs eaten

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12
Q

Why is a correction dose given to correct bs along with basal-bolus

A

to correct bs elevations that occur despite using basal and mealtime insulin

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13
Q

what type of insulin is basal

A

long acting

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14
Q

what type of insulin is required in all type 1 diabetics

A

basal insulin

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15
Q

what type of insulin is bolus

A

fast acting

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16
Q

what is bolus insulin used for

A

given for rise in bs when food is consumed

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17
Q

what is bolus insulin used to cover

A

IV dextrose
enteral nutriton
TPN

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18
Q

when do we give the bolus/mealtime insulin

A

when the meal is in the pt’s room and they are ready to eat

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19
Q

should mealtime insulin be given if the patient is NPO

A

no

20
Q

why is fast acting insulin given in addition to the basal-bolus insulin

A

to help correct a high level bs and bring it down to a normal range quickly

21
Q

when is rapid acting insulin given

A

with meals

22
Q

what types of rapid acting insulin are there

A

aspart (Novolog)
lispro (Humalog)
glulisine (Apidra)

23
Q

how soon should the pt eat when rapid acting insulin is given

A

within 15 mins of admin

24
Q

what routes cna short acting insulin be given

A

iv
im
subq

25
Q

why is short-acting insulin given

A

for routine treatment to control postprandial (after meal) hyperglycemia

26
Q

what types of short acting insulin are there

A

regular insulin (Humulin R, Novilin R)

27
Q

what is intermediate insulin used for

A

provides glycemia control between meals & during the night

28
Q

how often is intermediate insulin given

A

2-3 times

29
Q

is the onset immediate or delayed with intermediate insulin

A

onset is delayed

30
Q

can intermediate insulin be used for postprandial control

A

no

31
Q

What types of intermediate insulin are there

A

NPH (Humulin, Novolin N)

32
Q

What other type of insulin can intermediate insulin be mixed with

A

mixed with short acting insulin

33
Q

Is intermediate insulin clear or cloudy

A

cloudy

34
Q

where is the only place intermediate insulin can be administered

A

subq

35
Q

when does the dosing for long term insulin need to occur

A

can be done anytime but needs to be the same time everyday

36
Q

what types of long duration insulin are there

A

glargine (Lantus)
determir (Levemir)

37
Q

when is longer duration insulin given

A

injected once daily

38
Q

what form does longer duration come in

A

pre-filled pens

39
Q

what types of longer duration are there

A

glargine U-300 (Toujeo)
degludec (Tresiba)

40
Q

What does U-100 mean

A

100units/mL

41
Q

if we are mixing insulin what should always be drawn up first

A

the clear before the cloudy

42
Q

where are the insulin injection sites

A

upper arm
abdomen
upper thigh
upper buttock

43
Q

Where should unopened insulin vials be stored

A

in the fridge

44
Q

should we freeze insulin

A

no

45
Q

where can we store the insulin if the vial has been opened

A

kept at room temp for 1 month

IM2 (17 decks)

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