Magnesium Flashcards
where is magnesium?
cation in the intracellular fluid
what does magnesium do?
promotes enzyemes reaction within the cells during carbohydrate metabolism
helps the produces ATP
influence vasodialation and cardiac muscle contractility
takes part in DNA and protein synthesis
aids in neurotransmission
produces parathyroid horomone
what is the normal range of magnesium?
1.5 - 2.5
what helps with magnesium balance?
bind to albumin (so low mag. = low albumin)
GI and urinary system regulate magnesium levels
what is some causes of hypomagnesium?
poor diet
poor GI absorption
increase loss
where is hypomagnesium most like going to occur?
pregnant women chronic diarrhea hemodialysis hypercalcemia hypothermia sepsis burns/wounds certain medication
what are some signs and symptoms of hypomagnesium?
altered LOC ataxia confusion depression seizures vertigo skeletal muscle weakness hyperactive DTRs Tetany Chvostek's and Trousseau's sign arrhythmias rapid heart rate vomitting
what is the treatments for hypomagnesium?
change in diet
oral or IV supplements
what is hypermagnesium?
common in renal failure
especially when taking antacids or laxatives
what is the cause of hypermagnesium?
Addison’s disease
adrenocortical insuffiency
untreated
Diabetic Keteo Acidosis
what else might be cause of hypermagnesium?
increased intake
hemodialysis
TPN with excess magnesium
continuous magnesium sulfate infusion
what are some signs and symptoms of hypermagnesium?
decreased muscle and nerve activity hypoactive DTR generalized weakness, drowsieness, and lethargy facial parathesia N/V slow, shallow, depressed resperations respiratory arrest ECG changes Vasodialiation Arrhythmias
what is some treatments for hypermagnesium?
oral or IV fluids
avoidance of mg products
calcium gluconate in emergancy situations
what are some emergency treatment for hypermagnesium?
calcium gluconate
hemodialysis with magnesium-free dialysate
mechanical ventilation
what are some dietary sources of magnesium?
chocolate dry beans and peas green, leafy vegetables meats nuts seafood whole grains
