Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

A level Geography - Case Studies > Madagascar > Flashcards

Madagascar Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
U.S. Geography flashcards World Geography flashcards
1
Q

What percentage of the forest has disappeared

A

80%. - one of the highest rate of forest loss in the world

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Madagascar is the …th largest island in the world

A

4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How much has the population increased by since 1960

A

5x

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

The rate of gulley erosion is…x the average in the world

A

7

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How many species face extinction

A

Over 3000

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What animal has seen 15 of its species go extinct

A

Lemur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the valuable timber that is the cause for so much destructive logging

A

Ebony

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the international scheme to designate forests as carbon capture areas

A

REDD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Give 4 factors that lead to a net LOSS of forest volume

A

Slash and Burn
Gulley Erosion
Commercial Plantation farming
Rise in the value of Ebony

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Give 4 factors that lead to a net GAIN of forest volume

A

Rise in Carbon Dioxide
Enviromental conservation
Carbon credit scheme
Safari tourism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How does deforestation impact the water cycle

A

Reduced biomass

Reduced photosynthesis

Rising atmospheric CO2

Warmer atmosphere

Increasing evapotranspiration

Rising moisture levels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Give an input to the carbon cycle

A

Photosynthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Give outputs of the carbon cycle

A

Respiration by animals and decomposers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the current population

A

25 million

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Where is the tropical rainforest located

A

A narrow belt of the island in the wetter North and runs down the entire eastern region

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Over …% Madagascar’s population live in rural areas and work in agriculture

A

70

17
Q

What has reduced soil infiltration meant

A

Soil-sealing = making it impermeable causing greater overland flow

Reduced transpiration rates = longer dry seasons

18
Q

What is the aim of REDD

A

Conserve Marika National Park

19
Q

How have carbon credits benefited the local area

A

Communities receive 50% carbon revenues to invest in development projects (roads, schools and healthcentres)

20
Q

Give an example of what REDD has done

A

Converted a rubbish dump into a fish pond

Teaching the young how to live sustainably - growing mangroves

21
Q

What is the impact of REDD

A

Lemur hunting, agriculture, slash and burn declined

50% reduction in rate of deforestation

22
Q

Recently, deforestation. has slowed and by 2010, forest covers …% of the island

Represents a …% reduction in deforestation rate

A

21.6%

50%

23
Q

Give 4 impacts on the carbon cycle

A

Forest clearance results in the immediate transfer of biomass carbon to the atmosphere via smoke, as slashed leaves and stems decompose on the surface

The humus layer of soil may also be incinerated removing carbon from a. longer term store

The crops that replace the natural forest are far less efficient at drawing carbon in through photosynthesis and many of the grazing animals that are put on the land become emitters of methane (20x greenhouse gas potency of Co2)

While many of the consequences of the water cycle are regional in scale, those of the carbon cycle become part of a global impact

24
Q

Give 5 impacts on the water cycle

A

Soil erosion on cleared land is severe, with soil erosion gullies in the highlands having soil loss rates 7 x global average

Increase surface run-off carries water and sediment into river tributaries that slows channel discharge and damages land for cultivation

Reduced soil infiltration = reduced groundwater availability

Drier soils under intense heat can result in soil sealing (turning the soil into an impermeable surface that when intense rainfall falls, results in grater overland flow and even less infiltration)

Drastically reduced transpiration rates have led to a drier atmosphere locally and longer-than-noraml dry seasons as rain baring clouds are less liable to form

25
Q

Give 3 implications of deforestation for life on earth

A

Destroys natural habitats which endangers some of the world’s most isolated and unique species in Madagascar

The island has exceptional biodiversity, and hosts 50 species of lemur, 15 of which have become extinct

Over 3000 of Madagascar’s plant and animal species have become threatened with extinction. Results not only from habitat clearance, but local environment change as soils are lost, the local atmosphere becomes drier and global temperatures rise

26
Q

Give 6 links between the carbon and water cycles

A

Photosynthesis is done by plants and trees - requires water

Decomposition = the release of carbon by microbes, which require water

Increase in carbon = higher rate in water cycle (warmer)

Increase in water cycle, mean more erosion, more CO2 released (Madagascar gullies)

Carbon dissolves into sea or oceans

Through flow and infiltration happen through sol which is composed of carbon

A level Geography - Case Studies (19 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions