Macronutrients Flashcards
What is macronutrients?
•Macronutrients in dietary patterns can be considered as part of food groups or food choices
Complete the diagram on types of carbohydrates
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/349/530/303/a_image_thumb.png?1624440637)
What is the role of starch and glycogen?
Starch and glycogen - Energy Store
What are the non-starch polysaccharides?
Non-Starch Polysaccharides
Insoluble – cellulose
Soluble - Pectin
What are the 3 carbohydrates absorbed through the small intestine?
Monosaccharides -
Glucose
Fructose
Galactose
What are the biological features of carbohydrates?
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/349/530/415/a_image_thumb.png?1624440802)
What are the functions of carbohydrates?
What are the 2 types of unsaturated fats?
Single double bond = monounsaturated
More than one double bond = polyunsaturated
What are dietary fats made of?
•Triacylglycerol (TAG)
What are the polyunsaturated fatty acids?
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/349/530/567/a_image_thumb.png?1624440977)
Label the polyunsaturated fatty acids
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/349/530/587/a_image_thumb.png?1624441090)
Name the dietary sources of these polysunsaturated fatty acids
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/349/530/643/a_image_thumb.png?1624441164)
What are the functions of dietary fat?
TAG is the primary energy substrate stored in adipose tissues to sustain animals during fasting
How do TAG enter adipose tissue?
- Influx of TAG into adipose tissue largely mediated by the action of adipose tissue lipoprotein lipase (LPL) (103)
- This is upregulated in the presence of Insulin, fatty acids during fasting
Complete the diagram on the uses of protein within the body
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/349/530/819/a_image_thumb.png?1624441371)
Do younger or older adults need more protein?
Dynamic nature of protein
In health requirements 0.8g/kg/day
Older adults 1.2g/kg/day
When do our protein requirements increase?
Acute illness demand can exceed this – negative nitrogen balance due to inflammation induced catabolism (COVID19)
Are these amino acids essential, conditionally non-essential or non-essential?
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/349/530/953/q_image_thumb.png?1624441635)
Essential