Macrolides & ketolides

Question 1

Macrolides and ketolides (4 drugs)

Answer 1

Azitromycin
Clarithromycin
Erythromycin
Telithromycin

Question 2

Erythromycin - indications

Answer 2

Respiratory tract infection, acne (topical adm).
Legionnaire disease (adm IV)

Question 3

Azithromycin - indications

Answer 3

Respiratory tract infections resistant to erythromycin.
Legionnaire disease (amd IV)
Sinusitis, otitis media, bronchitis
Chlamydia urethritis (single dose)

Question 4

Clarithromycin - indications

Answer 4

Respiratory tract infections resistant to erythromycin, PUD

Question 5

Macrolides for legionnaire disease (2)

Answer 5

Erythromycin

Azithromycin

Question 6

Macrolide used for chlamydia uretritis (1)

Answer 6

Azitromycin

Question 7

Macrolides - adverse effects

Answer 7

Stomatitis, heartburn.
Cholestatic hepatits (rare)

Question 8

Erythromycin - adverse effects

Answer 8

Uncoordinated peristalsis: anorexia, nausea and vomiting

Tinnitus, impaired hearing (high IV doses), thrombophlebitis (IV)

Question 9

Macrolides - interactions

Answer 9

Erythromycin & clarithromycin: Increases levels of carbamazepine, lovastatin, simvastatin
Azithromycin does not inhibit P450.

Question 10

Macrolides - contraindications

Answer 10

Carbamazepine treatment (life-threatening toxicity)

Question 11

Ketolide antibiotic (1 drug)

Answer 11

Telithromycin

Question 12

Telithromycin - MOA

Answer 12

Binds 50S ribosomal subunit an inhibits bacterial protein synthesis

Question 13

Telithromycin - Indications

Answer 13

Community-acquired pneumonia

Question 14

Telithromycin - adverse effects

Answer 14

Severe liver toxicity (rare), QT-prolongation, respiratory failure (in myasthenia gravis), visual accommodation impairment, loss of consciousness

Question 15

Telithromycin - contraindicaitons

Answer 15

Drugs/conditions that prolong QT, myasthenia gravis

Question 16

Telithromycin - advise to pt.

Answer 16

No driving