Aminoglycosides

Question 1

Aminoglycosides (5 drugs)

Answer 1

Gentamycin
Neomycin
Streptomycin
Amikacin
Tobramycin

Question 2

Aminoglycosides MOA

Answer 2

Bind 30S and interfere with initiation of protein synthesis. Misreading of the genetic code, wrong amino acids inserted. Bacteriocidal

Question 3

Aminoglycosides administration (special adm for specific drugs)

Answer 3

Parentally (systemic infection) - poorly absorbed from gut
Oral for GI treatment
Neomycin: topical
Streptomycin: IM
Amikacin: IV
Intrathecal: meningitis

Question 4

Aminoglycosides: do they ever cross BBB?

Answer 4

No, not even when inflamed

Question 5

Aminoglycosides - Special considerations with pt with other disease

Answer 5

Reduce dose in renal impairment

Question 6

Streptomycin - indications

Answer 6

Plague, tularemia, drug-resistant tuberculosis

Question 7

Tobramycin, gentamicin, amikacin - indications

Answer 7

Infective endocarditis, UTIs, enterobacteriae

Question 8

Gentamycin + penicillin - indications

Answer 8

Endocarditis (serious enterococcal, stapylococcal, viridans streptococcal infections)

Question 9

Aminoglycosides - Adverse effects

Answer 9

Drug-induced renal failure (acute tubular necrosis, glomerular toxicity)
Ototoxicity (vestibular & cochlear)

Question 10

Aminoglycosides most often associated with vestibular toxicity (2 drugs)

Answer 10

Gentamicin, Streptomycin

Question 11

Aminoglycosides most often associated with cochlear toxicity (1 drug)

Answer 11

Amikacin

Question 12

Most nephrotoxic aminoglycoside

Answer 12

Neomycin

Question 13

Neomycin adverse effects

Answer 13

Most nephrotoxic drug

Hypersensitivity (long-term)