Ma'am Oledan 3 semis Flashcards
It is an inflammatory disease that occurs
after pharyngitis caused by AB hemolytic
streptococci. It is a self-limited illness that
involves the joints, skin, brain, serous
surfaces, and heart.
Rheumatic Fever
is the most significant complication
of RF
-Cardiac valve damage (Rheumatic Heart
Disease)
) sudden aimless
irregular weakness, speech disturbances
movements of the extremities, facial
grimace, muscle weaknes, speech
disturbance
(Chorea)
DRug of choice for RF
(Penicillin is still the
drug of choice)
prevent recurrence of the disease
(screening school-age children for _________
ABOUT RF
sore throats, throat culture)
“It is an inflammation of middle ear
that most often occur in infant &
young children but can occur at any
age
Otitis Media
The eustachian tube in an infant is
shorter and wider
“It is an acute infection of the middle ear,
usually lasting less then 6 weeks”
- Acute otitis media
Etiology of Acute Otitis Media
Bacteria
- Streptococcus pneumoniae
- H. Influenza
- Upper respiratory tract infection
- Infection nasopharynx
s an infectious disease
that propers in an environment of
decreased immune defenses
Otitis media
otitis media The most common Bacteria
pathogens is
Streptococcuspneumoniae, followed
by Haemophilus influenzae, and
Moraxella catarrhalis.
by pulling on the affected ear
or ears or pulling on the hair; occurs more often when
the child is lying down
Otalgia (Ear Pain)
Discharge may come from the
middle ear through a recently
perforated tympanic membrane, or
through another perforation
Otorrhea
to
establish drainage and to insert tiny
tubes into the tympanic membrane to
facilitate drainage.
Myringotomy or the incision of the
eardrums
to treat patients
with otitis media has generated
extensive discussion and research.
The performance
of adenoidectomy
“It is a long-standing infection of a
part of whole of the middle year
characterized by ear discharge &
permanent perforation”
Chronic Otitis Media
“Inflammation of the middle ear that
lasts for more than 6 weeks”
Chronic Otitis Media
- foul smelling scanty
predominantly purulent occasionally
blood stained
Ear discharge
early
symptoms of complication of CHRONIC OM
Tinnitus & giddiness
OTITIS MEDIA SIGN MOST COMMON
Fever 104f
o is the most common
bacterial skin infection in children.
Impetigo
It is highly contagious and normally
appears around the nose, mouth and
extremities.
Impetigo
- It is characterized by blisters with
yellow fluid that rupture and leave a
honey-colored crust
IMPETIGO
- Caused by common bacteria, usually IMPETIGO
Group A beta-hemolytic
streptococcus or Staphylococcus
aureus
- It often accompanies poor hygiene
and is more prevalent in warm
temperatures.
IMPETIGO
This form is caused by staph bacteria
that produce a toxin that causes a
break between the top layer
(epidermis) and the lower levels of
skin forming a blister.
BULLOUS IMPETIGO (BLISTERS)
The medical
term for blister is
bulla
This is the common form, caused by
both staph and strep bacteria. It
appears as small blisters or scabs,
which then form yellow or honeycolored crusts
NON -BULLOUS IMPETIGO
These often start
around the nose and on the face, but
they also may affect the arms and
legs. At times, there may be swollen
glands nearby.
NON -BULLOUS IMPETIGO
A complete blood count is often
performed because ______ is common.
IN IMPETIGO
leukocytosis
is not serious, may go
away and dry up on its own, and
is easy to treat.
IMPETIGO
Penicillinallergic
patients
Can be
treated.
FOR IMPETIGO
clindamycin
used to treat
non-bullous
Impetigo
Topical
antibiotics,
such as:
mupirocin
and
Bacitracin
as effective as
Erythromycin
IN IMPETIGO
Mupirocin
Ointment
s is an itchy skin condition
caused by a tiny burrowing mite
called Sarcoptes scabiei
SCABIES
s contagious and can spread
quickly through close physical
contact in a family, child care group
and school
SCABIES
SCABIES tiny burrowing mite
called
Sarcoptes scabiei.
MITE SCABIES The
eggs hatch in
3-4 DAYS
The itching of scabies results from
your body’s allergic reaction to the
mites,
, their eggs and their waste
SCABIES In children, common sites of
infestation include the:
Scalp
2. Face
3. Neck
4. Palms of the hands
5. Soles of the fee
SCABIES can determine the
presence of mites or their eggs
The microscopic
examination
common parasite in school-age
children
Pediculosis Capitis
(Head Lice )
is a blood sucking
organism that requires 5 meals a day
LOUSE
female lays her eggs at night at the
junction of a
HAIR SHAFT
RARE MALIGNANT TUMOR OF THE KIDNEY
WILMS’ TUMOR
AVERAGE DIAGNOSE AGE OF WILMS TUMOR?
2-4Y.O
WHAT CAN INCREASE RATE OF WILMS TUMOR
HYPOSPADIAS
CRYPTOCHIDISM
AKA UNDESCENDED TESTES
CRYPTORCHIDISM
TO SHRINK TUMOR SIZE
RADIATION
SLOW OR STOP CANCEROS CELL GROWTH
VINCRISTINE
ANUS DOES NOT FORM PROPERLY
IMPERFORATE ANUS
TYPE OF IMPERFORATE ANUS
LOW TYPE
HIGH TYPE
WITHOUT FISTULA
ABNORMAL CONNECTION BETWEEN 2 BODY PARTS
FISTULA
EXAMPLE OF LOW TYPE ANUS
PERINEAL FISTULA
EXAMPLE OF HIGHTYPE ANUS
RECTOURETHRAL OR RECTOVAGINAL
ENDS BLINDLY WITHOUT A CONNECTION
WITHOUT FISTULA
PERFORMED WHEN NOT RESPONSIVE TO PRIMARY PULLTHROUGH
NEONATAL COLOSTOMY
SURGERY TO CORRECT ANUS
ANOPLASTY
DIET FOR IMPERFORATE ANUS
AVOID CONTISPATING FOODS
BRAT DIET
is a disorder in
which blood sugar (glucose) levels
are abnormally high because the
body does not produce enough
insulin or fails to respond normally
to the insulin produced.
Diabetes mellitus
NORMAL BLOOD SUGAR LEVEL
Newborn
40-80 mg/dL (may be lower in the
first few hours after birth)
NORMAL BLOOD SUGAR LEVEL CHILDREN FASTING
70-99mg/dL(fasting)
NORMAL BLOOD SUGAR LEVEL CHILDREN EATING
less than
140 mg/dL (1 hour after eating)
occurs when the
pancreas produces little to no insulin.
Type I diabetes
is the most common
type among children, thiS causes
about two thirds of all cases of
diabetes. it is one of the most
common chronic childhood diseases
Type I diabetes
Recommended blood sugar
range for children under 18 years
with type 1. Fasting (Before
easting)
90-130 mg/dL
Recommended blood sugar
range for children under 18 years
with type 1. Bedtime and
overnight
90-150 mg/dL
occur because the
cell in the body do not respond
adequetly to insulin (called insulin
resistance).
Type 2 diabetes
typically develops
after puberty has begun
T2 DM
occurs mainly in adolescents but is
becoming increasingly common
among Overweight or obese younger
children
T2 DM
Recommended blood
sugar range Fasting
(Before
easting) OF T2DM
80-130 mg/dL
1-2 hrs after
meal
