M8 Periodontal Diseases - Gingivitis

Question 1

experimental findings of plaque causing gingivitis?

Answer 1

gingivitis develops with appearance of supra-gingival plaque and resolves with the loss of supra-gingival plaque

Question 2

basic correlation between plaque and gingivitis?

Answer 2

as plaque levels increase and fall, so does gingivitis

Question 3

difference between supra-gingival and sub-gingival plaque in relation to oxygen levels?

Answer 3

supra = oxygen levels vary
sub = anaerobic

Question 4

difference between supra-gingival and sub-gingival plaque in relation to conditions?

Answer 4

supra = variable conditions = moisture, temperature and forces
sub = constant conditions = viscosity, temperature, loosely packed community

Question 5

difference between supra-gingival and sub-gingival plaque in relation to fluids?

Answer 5

supra = saliva
sub = gingival crevicular fluid

Question 6

difference between supra-gingival and sub-gingival plaque in relation to nutrients for bacteria?

Answer 6

supra = dietary carbohydrates
sub = proteins derived from serum

Question 7

similarity and differences between supra-gingival and sub-gingival plaque in relation gram positive bacteria?

Answer 7

both are gram positive dominant but:
supra = streptococcus and actinomyces
sub = streptococcus and eubacterium

Question 8

difference between supra-gingival and sub-gingival plaque in relation to gram negative bacteria?

Answer 8

supra = gram negative numbers increase with plaque
sub = gram negative more abundant that supra

Question 9

difference between supra-gingival and sub-gingival plaque in relation to type of anaerobes?

Answer 9

supra = facultative
sub = obligate

Question 10

give 4 key subgingival perio pathogens

Answer 10

aggregatibacter, eubacterium, propionobacter, prevotella

Question 11

Give 4 antibiotics used in severe cases of periodontal disease

Answer 11

metronidazole, amoxycillin, tetracycline, ciprafloxacin

Question 12

metronidazole in combination with ??

Answer 12

-scaling and polishing

Question 13

amoxycillin in combination with ??

Answer 13

-metronidazole

Question 14

what is the red complex?

Answer 14

group of bacteria together based on their association with causing severe periodontal disease

Question 15

3 bacteria in the red complex?

Answer 15

P. Gingivalis
Tanerella Forsythia
Treponema Denticola

Question 16

7 main perio pathogens

Answer 16

red complex
fusobacterium
aggregatobacter
spirochetes
Prevotella Intermedia

Question 17

3 drugs most commonly prescribed in dentistry

Answer 17

amoxicillin, metronidazole, erythromycin