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M3 Microbiology > M3 Oral Abscesses > Flashcards

M3 Oral Abscesses Flashcards

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1
Q

Give the 4 main presentations/symptoms of oral abscesses

A

pain
swelling
erythema
suppuration

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2
Q

Give the 4 main routes of prokaryotic infection in the mouth

A

caries/trauma
gingival
periodontitis
pericoronitis

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3
Q

Explain what is meant by “caries/trauma” as a route of oral infection

A

periapical or dentoalveolar abscess

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4
Q

Explain what is meant by “ginigval” as a route of oral infection

A

gum tissue inflammation

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5
Q

Explain what is meant by “periodontitis” as a route of oral infection

A

periodontal abscess

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6
Q

Explain what is meant by “pericoronitis” as a route of oral infection

A

partially erupted tooth

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7
Q

What are the 3 characteristic features of an oral abscess?

A

Swollen inflamed area, pus, causative agent

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8
Q

What types of bacteria cause oral abscess?

A

a combination of strict: fusobacterium and prevotella
and
facultative anaerobes: Streptococcus oralis and streptococcus anginosus

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9
Q

List the different types of oral abscesses

A 
Dentoalveolar
Periapical
Apical
Chronic periodical dental infection
Dental pyogenic infection
Periapical periodontitis
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10
Q

Cause of dentoalveolar abscess

A

the associated tooth is infected due to caries/trauma

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11
Q

Symptoms of dentoalveolar abscess

A

tender to pressure, localised

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12
Q

treatment of dentoalveolar abscess

A

drained, root canal, treatment, extraction, antimicrobials, antibiotics

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13
Q

cause of periodontal abscess

A

associated tooth has a healthy pulp but there is infection of periodontuim usually due to foreign object in pocket

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14
Q

symptoms of periodontal abscess

A

sudden onset, swelling, red/tender, may spread and destroy bone/soft tissue

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15
Q

microbiology of periodontal abscess

A

GNABs, Streptococci, Actinomyces, Fusobacterium nucleatum

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16
Q

treatment of acute periodontal abscess

A

local drainage, antibiotics, removal of causative agent

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17
Q

treatment of chronic periodontal abscess

A

drainage, gentle scale, irrigation, antibiotics

18
Q

presentations of endodontic infections

A

pulpitis, recurrent infection following RCT

19
Q

gram negative bacteria causing endodontic infections?

A

fusobacterium nucealtum, prevotella

20
Q

gram positive bacteria causing endodontic infections?

A

S. oralis, S. Mitis, S. anginosus
Enterococcus Faecalis
Lactobacilli, Candida albicans, Staphylococci

21
Q

What type of bacteria is enterococcus faecalis?

A

Gram positive, facultative anaerobe

22
Q

Give 3 key features of enterococcus faecalis

A

common in intestine, can be eradicated in small numbers, adheres to collagen

23
Q

What is dry socket?

A

post extraction localised osteomyelitis

24
Q

Describe dry socket

A

following extraction the socket fails to heal then a localised sparse anaerobe infection will result

25
Q

prophylaxis for dry socket

A

chlorohexidine irrigation prior to and post extraction

26
Q

treatment for dry socket

A

antiseptic dressing and metronidazole

27
Q

where is actinomyces found in the mouth

A

supra and sub gingival plaque

28
Q

what is actinomyces associated with clinically?

A

root surface caries

29
Q

what is the 1 main characteristic of actinomycosis?

A

pus

30
Q

what type of bacteria are oral spirochetes?

A

gram negative anaerobes

31
Q

What is ANUG?

A

acute necrotising ulcerative gingivitis = acute and painful infection of the gingiva

32
Q

risk factors of ANUG?

A 
poor OH
calculus and overhangs
smoking
malnutrition
systemic illness 
stress
immunosuppression
33
Q

symptoms of ANUG?

A 
inflammation
spontaneous bleeding
grey pseudomembrane
intense pain 
tissue destruction
34
Q

What is the microscopy of ANUG?

A

fuso-spirochaetal complex

35
Q

treatment of ANUG?

A

intensive local oral hygiene
oral hygiene advice and mouth rinses
short course of antibiotics

36
Q

what antibiotic would be prescribed for ANUG?

A

metronidazole therapy 200mg 5 days

37
Q

What is Ludwig’s angina?

A

Bilateral infection of sublingual and submandibular spaces

38
Q

symptoms of Ludwig’s angina?

A

base of mouth and tongue swell
oedema and swelling of neck tissues
airway obstruction

39
Q

What is the most common cause of Ludwig’s angina?

A

post extraction infection

40
Q

treatment for Ludwig’s angina

A

intravenous penicillin, surgical intervention

M3 Microbiology (8 decks)

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