M7 Caries Flashcards
what is plaque described as?
a multi-species biofilm
what is viridans group streptococci known as?
oral streptococci
what oral streptococci is found in the tooth fissures?
streptococcus mutans
streptococcus mutans haemolytic type?
alpha
what oral streptococci is found on the tongue?
streptococcus salivarius
streptococcus salivarius haemolytic type?
alpha
what oral streptococci is found in abscesses/plaque?
streptococcus anginosus
streptococcus anginosus haemolytic type?
beta
what oral streptococci is found on the tooth/biofilm?
streptococcus sanguinis
streptococcus sanguinis haemolytic type?
alpha
what type of bacteria are oral streptococci?
facultative and obligate anaerobes
what properties of streptococcus mutans make it effective in causing caries?
acidogenic, acidoduric, production of extracellular polysaccharides
what type of respiration is happening in caries?
anaerobic respiration and production of lactic acid
define acidogenic
produces acid from sugar at a HIGH RATE
define acidoduric
can tolerate high concentrations of acid
what does s.mutans have the largest number of genes associated with?
sugar transport and utilisation
what are necessary for adhesion of streptococcus strains in the plaque biofilm?
glucans and fructans
what are fructans and glucans?
they are extracellular polymeric substances that are present on the surface of bacteria and are necessary for adhesion of streptococcus strains in the plaque biofilm
what is GTF and what type of bacteria has GTF on its surface?
GTF = glucosyltransferase and S.mutans have them present of their surface
what is FTF ?
FTF = fructosyltransferase
what are the key proteins involved in the attachment of bacteria in the plaque biofilm?
GBP, GTF and protein anitgens
what is GBF?
glucan binding proteins
4 species of bacteria that produce lactic acid?
oral streptococci, actinomyces, lactobacilli, Rothia denticariosa
What species of bacteria is associated with dentinal caries?
lactobacilli
What species of bacteria is associated with root surface caries?
actinomyces and rothia denticariosa
describe lactobacilli?
gram positive, variable rod shapes, acidoduric and acidogenic,facultative anaerobe poor adhesion
lactobacilli fermentation groups?
homolactic, heterolactic, facultative heterolactic
homolactic fermentation?
only lactic acid produced
heterolactic fermentation?
lactic acid and others produced
facultative heterolactic fermentation?
normally only lactic but can switch
what are the 3 correlations of lactobacilli and dentinal caries?
no.s of lactobacilli:
increase as S.mutans fall
high when carious lesions are high
increase with carbohydrate intake
describe actinomyces?
gram positive, variable rod shapes, found sub- and supra-gingivally, facultative anaerobe
what are the 2 correlations of actinomyces and root surface caries?
no.s of actinomyces:
found sub and supra-gingivally
increase if gingiva is reduced
why is the correlation between actinomyces and root surface carie now questionable?
because of the polymicrobial nature of root surface caries
