M7 Caries Flashcards

(34 cards)

1
Q

what is plaque described as?

A

a multi-species biofilm

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2
Q

what is viridans group streptococci known as?

A

oral streptococci

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3
Q

what oral streptococci is found in the tooth fissures?

A

streptococcus mutans

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4
Q

streptococcus mutans haemolytic type?

A

alpha

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5
Q

what oral streptococci is found on the tongue?

A

streptococcus salivarius

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6
Q

streptococcus salivarius haemolytic type?

A

alpha

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7
Q

what oral streptococci is found in abscesses/plaque?

A

streptococcus anginosus

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8
Q

streptococcus anginosus haemolytic type?

A

beta

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9
Q

what oral streptococci is found on the tooth/biofilm?

A

streptococcus sanguinis

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10
Q

streptococcus sanguinis haemolytic type?

A

alpha

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11
Q

what type of bacteria are oral streptococci?

A

facultative and obligate anaerobes

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12
Q

what properties of streptococcus mutans make it effective in causing caries?

A

acidogenic, acidoduric, production of extracellular polysaccharides

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13
Q

what type of respiration is happening in caries?

A

anaerobic respiration and production of lactic acid

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14
Q

define acidogenic

A

produces acid from sugar at a HIGH RATE

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15
Q

define acidoduric

A

can tolerate high concentrations of acid

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16
Q

what does s.mutans have the largest number of genes associated with?

A

sugar transport and utilisation

17
Q

what are necessary for adhesion of streptococcus strains in the plaque biofilm?

A

glucans and fructans

18
Q

what are fructans and glucans?

A

they are extracellular polymeric substances that are present on the surface of bacteria and are necessary for adhesion of streptococcus strains in the plaque biofilm

19
Q

what is GTF and what type of bacteria has GTF on its surface?

A

GTF = glucosyltransferase and S.mutans have them present of their surface

20
Q

what is FTF ?

A

FTF = fructosyltransferase

21
Q

what are the key proteins involved in the attachment of bacteria in the plaque biofilm?

A

GBP, GTF and protein anitgens

22
Q

what is GBF?

A

glucan binding proteins

23
Q

4 species of bacteria that produce lactic acid?

A

oral streptococci, actinomyces, lactobacilli, Rothia denticariosa

24
Q

What species of bacteria is associated with dentinal caries?

25
What species of bacteria is associated with root surface caries?
actinomyces and rothia denticariosa
26
describe lactobacilli?
gram positive, variable rod shapes, acidoduric and acidogenic,facultative anaerobe poor adhesion
27
lactobacilli fermentation groups?
homolactic, heterolactic, facultative heterolactic
28
homolactic fermentation?
only lactic acid produced
29
heterolactic fermentation?
lactic acid and others produced
30
facultative heterolactic fermentation?
normally only lactic but can switch
31
what are the 3 correlations of lactobacilli and dentinal caries?
no.s of lactobacilli: increase as S.mutans fall high when carious lesions are high increase with carbohydrate intake
32
describe actinomyces?
gram positive, variable rod shapes, found sub- and supra-gingivally, facultative anaerobe
33
what are the 2 correlations of actinomyces and root surface caries?
no.s of actinomyces: found sub and supra-gingivally increase if gingiva is reduced
34
why is the correlation between actinomyces and root surface carie now questionable?
because of the polymicrobial nature of root surface caries