M4 Staphylococci Flashcards
what are the 2 keys types of staphylococcus
S. aureus
S. epidermidis
S. aureus is coagulase ______.
positive
S. epidermidis is coagulase ______.
negative
where on the body is S. aureus most commonly present?
anterior nares and perineum
where on the body is S. epidermis most commonly present?
skin and mucous membranes
what is S. epidermis infection highly associated with?
catheters
give 3 presentations of S. aureus
rash, impetigo, carbuncle
Give 3 virulence facts of S. aureus
capsule, adhesion, TSST-1
Give the 3 main toxinoses of S.aureus
TSST-1
Staph Food Poisoning
Scaled Skin Syndrome
What is a superantigen?
a class of antigens which result in excessive activation of immune response
what 2 key immune responses are activated by superantigens?
- non-specific binding of T cells
- massive cytokine release
What is TSST-1?
A superantigen which is produced by 5-25% of all S.aureus isolates
What does TSST-1 cause?
toxic shock syndrome
Where are TSST-1 antigens normally found if present?
At the local site of infection
What is the term used to describe the massive cytokine release by TSST-1?
cytokine storm
