M5 Flashcards
s a collection of computer programs and related data that provide the instruction for telling a computer what to do and how to do it
software
an interface between user and computer
software
It is a set of instructions, programs that are used to give command to hardware.
software
It is responsible for controlling, integratingand managingthe hardware components of a computer system and for accomplishing specific tasks.
software
It is responsible for controlling, integratingand managingthe hardware components of a computer system and for accomplishing specific tasks.
System software
These include Operating System (Windows, Mac OS, Linux), device drivers, and utility software.
System software
is a computer software designed to help the user to perform singular or multiple tasks.
application software
are also called the end-user programs.
application software
these programs do the real work for users. These includes MS Word, MS Excel,
application software
consists of the programs that control or maintain the operations of the computer and its devices
system software
two types of system software
operating system and utility programs
is a set of programs
containing instructions that work together to coordinate
all the activities among computer hardware resources
operating system (OS)
The process of starting or restarting a computer is called
booting
the type of boot where you turn on a computer that has been powered off completely
cold boot
the type of boot where you use the operating system to restart a computer
warm boot
is the drive from
which your computer starts
boot drive
You can boot from a X
boot disk
contains a few system
files that will start the computer
recovery disk
An operating system includes various shut down
options:
sleep mode and hibernate
saves any open documents and programs to RAM, turns off all unneeded functions, and then places the computer in a lowpower state
sleep mode
saves any open
documents and programs to
a hard disk before removing
power from the computer
hibernate
controls how you enter data and instructions and how information is displayed on the screen
user interface
With a X, you interact
with menus and visual
images
graphical user
interface (GUI)
With a X, a user uses the keyboard
to enter data and instructions
command-line interface
serves as the interface between the user, the application software,
and the computer’s hardware.
system software
Although an operating system can run from an optical disc and/or flash memory
mobile media, in most cases, the operating system is installed and resides on the
X
computer’s hard disk.
On handheld computers and many mobile devices such as
smart phones, the operating system may reside on a X
ROM chip.
A X is one that runs the same on multiple operating
systems.
cross-platform program
The X is the core of an operating system that manages memory and
devices, maintains the computer’s clock, starts programs, and assigns the computer’s
resources, such as devices, programs, data, and information
kernel
The X is memory
resident, which means it remains in memory while the computer is running.
kernel
Other
parts of the operating system are X, that is, these instructions remain on a
storage medium until they are needed.
nonresident
is firmware that contains the computer’s startup
instructions.
The BIOS (pronounced BYE-ose), which stands for basic input/output system
is a technology that uses battery power to retain information when
the computer is off.
CMOS
The X stores configuration information about the
computer, such as the amount of memory; type of disk drives, keyboard, and
monitor; the current date and time; and other startup information.
CMOS chip
If the POST completes successfully, the BIOS searches for specific operating
system files called X
system files
In special cases, you can boot from a
special disk, called a X or a X, that contains a few system files that
will start the computer
boot disk
recovery disk
In most
cases, X is the boot drive.
drive C (the hard disk)
Two types of user interfaces are
graphical and command-line
When working with a command line interface,
the set of commands entered into the computer is called the X
command language.
A X allows only one user to run one
program at a time.
single user/single tasking operating system
A X allows a single user to work on two or
more programs that reside in memory at the same time
single user/multitasking operating system
With X, the
operating system interrupts a program that is executing and passes control to another
program waiting to be executed
preemptive multitasking
A X enables two or more users to run programs
simultaneously
multiuser operating system
A X supports two or more processors running
programs at the same time.
multiprocessing operating system
A X computer continues to operate when one of its components fails,
ensuring that no data is lost.
fault-tolerant
If any one of these components fails,
the computer switches to the duplicate component and continues to operate.
fault-tolerant computer
The purpose of X is to optimize the use of random access
memory.
memory management
allocates, or assigns, data and instructions to an area
of memory while they are being processed
os
is a
portion of a storage
medium functioning as
additional RAM
virtual memory
The area of the hard disk used for virtual memory is called a X
swap file
it swaps (exchanges) data, information, and instructions between memory and storage.
swap file
A X is the amount of data and program instructions that can swap at a given time.
page
The technique of swapping items between memory and storage, called X, is a
time-consuming process for the computer
paging
determines the order in which tasks are processed.
os
A X is an operation the processor manages.
task, or
job
include receiving data from an
input device, processing instructions, sending information to an output device, and
transferring items from storage to memory and from memory to storage.
task, or
job
is a segment of memory or storage in which items are placed while
waiting to be transferred from an input device or to an output device.
buffer
This process,
called X, sends documents to be printed to a buffer instead of sending them
immediately to the printer
spooling
Multiple documents line up in a queue in the
buffer
A
program, called a X, intercepts documents to be printed from the
operating system and places them in the queue
print spooler
is a small program that tells the operating system
how to communicate with a specific device.
driver, short for device driver
means the operating system automatically configures new devices as you install
them
Plug and Play
typically provide a means
to establish Internet
connections
Operating Systems
is a program that assesses and reports information about various computer resources and devices
performance monitor
consists of programs designed to
make users more productive and/or assist with personal
tasks
Application software
allows users to
create letters, memos, reports, and other documents; develop multimedia
presentations; design Web pages and diagrams; draw and alter images; record and
enhance audio and video clips; prepare and file taxes; play single player or
multiplayer games; compose e-mail messages and instant messages; and much more.
software
is mass-produced, copyrighted retail software that meets the
needs of a wide variety of users, not just a single user or company
Packaged software
e performs functions specific to a business or industry.
custom software
a Web site that allows users to access and interact with
software from any computer or device that is connected to the Internet
web application
software provided for use, modification, and redistribution
Open source software
is copyrighted software that is distributed at no cost for a trial period.
Shareware
is copyrighted software provided at no cost by an individual or a company
that retains all rights to the software.
Freeware
has been donated for public use and has no copyright
restrictions
Public-domain software
serves as the interface between the user, the application software,
and the computer’s hardware
System software
is an application software that assists people in becoming more
effective and efficient while performing their daily business activities.
Business software
allows users
to create and manipulate documents containing mostly text and sometimes graphics.
Word processing software, sometimes called a word processor,
is a collection of electronic drawings, photos, and other images.
Clip art
is a sequence of keystrokes and instructions that a user records and
saves.
macro
When you X a document, you enter text or numbers, insert images, and perform
other tasks using an input device such as a keyboard, mouse, digital pen, or
microphone
create
To X a document means to make changes to its existing content. Common editing
tasks include inserting, deleting, cutting, copying, and pasting.
edit
When users X a document, they change its appearance. Formatting is important
because the overall look of a document significantly can affect its ability to
communicate clearly. Examples of formatting tasks are changing the font, font size,
and font style.
format`
a name assigned to a specific design of characters.
font
allows users to organize data in rows and columns and perform
calculations on the data.
spreadsheet software
a predefined formula that performs common calculations such as adding
the values in a group of cells or generating a value such as the time or date.
function
a collection of data organized in a manner that allows access, retrieval,
and use of that data.
database
allows users to create visual aids
for presentations to communicate ideas, messages, and other information to a group.
Presentation software
is application software that enables users to enter typed text,
handwritten comments, drawings, or sketches anywhere on a page and then save the
page as part of a notebook.
Note taking software
X is a collection of individual programs
available together as a unit
software suite
is application software that includes an
appointment calendar, address book, notepad, and other features to help users
organize personal information.
personal information manager (PIM)
allows a user to plan, schedule, track, and analyze the
events, resources, and costs of a project.
Project management software
helps companies record and report their financial transaction.
Accounting software
provides a means for sharing, distributing, and
searching through documents by converting them into a format that can be viewed
by any user.
Document management software
software is a sophisticated type of application software
that assists a professional user in creating engineering, architectural, and scientific
designs.
Computer-aided design (CAD)
software enables professional designers to create
sophisticated documents that contain text, graphics, and many colors.
Desktop publishing (DTP)
allows users to draw pictures, shapes, and
other graphical images with various on-screen tools such as a pen, brush, eyedropper,
and paint bucket.
Paint software, also called illustration software,
segment of a video
clip
helps users of all skill
levels create Web pages that include multimedia and
interactive content
Web page authoring software
is a simplified accounting program that helps home users
and small office/home office users balance their checkbooks, pay bills, track personal
income and expenses, set up budgets, manage home inventory, track investments,
and evaluate financial plans.
Personal finance software
in the preparation of legal documents and provides legal
information to individuals, families, and small businesses.
Legal software assists
, which is available both as packaged software and as Web
applications, can guide individuals, families, or small businesses through the process
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of filing federal taxes.
Tax preparation software
is the electronic equivalent
of a user manual
online help
provides updates and more
comprehensive resources to respond to technical issues
about software
Web-based Help
is a type of
CBT that uses Internet
technology and consists of
application software on the Web
Web-based training
is the
delivery of education at one
location while the learning takes
place at other locations
Distance learning (DL)
