M3S1 Flashcards
is a case that contains
electronic components of the computer used to
process data.
system unit
The inside of the system unit on a desktop personal
computer includes:
Drive bay(s) Power supply Sound card Video card Processor Memory
the main circuit board of the
system unit
motherboard
contains integrated circuits
computer chip
interprets and carries out the basic instructions
that operate a computer
processor
also called the central processing unit
CPU
processor
kinds of processors:
Multi-core processor Dual-core processor Quad-core processor
Contain a control unit and an arithmetic logic unit (ALU)
processor
the component of the processor
that directs and coordinates most of the operations in
the computer
control unit
performs arithmetic,
comparison, and other operations
arithmetic logic unit (ALU)
For every instruction, a processor repeats a set of four basic operations, which comprise a machine cycle:
store > fetch > decode > excecute
The pace of the system clock is called the
clock speed
The pace of the system clock is measured in
gigahertz (GHz)
controls
the timing of all computer
operations
system clock
These are the physical, tangible
parts of the computer system
hardware
hardware can be classified as
input, output, processing, and storage devices
These are the ones that you use to enter
data to the computer.
input devices
These are the devices where
you can see the result of your
computer’s processes.
output devices
These are the components responsible for
the processing of information within the
computer system.
processing devices
These are components which allow data to
be stored within a computer system.
storage devices
Can only have a value of either 0 or 1.
• Bit (Binary Digit)
8 bits (also known as a Character)
• Byte
A code that assigns characters, such as ‘a’, ‘b’, etc. unique 8-bit values. This
allows information created on one computer to be understood by other computers.
ASCII
most common code, used in
virtually all personal computers and most larger computers as well.
ASCII
1024 bytes (or 2^10 bytes).
kilobyte
1024 * 1024 bytes (or 2^20 bytes). Roughly one million bytes.
Megabyte
1024 * 1024 * 1024 bytes (or 2^30 bytes). Roughly one billion bytes.
Gigabyte
1024 * 1024 * 1024 * 1024 bytes (or 2^40 bytes). Roughly one trillion
bytes.
Terabyte
