M2S1 Part 2 Flashcards
are glass tubes with circuits inside.
Vacuum tubes
have no air inside of them, which protects the circuitry.
Vacuum tubes
an electrical computer containing thousands of vacuum tubes that utilizes punch cards and switches for inputting data and punch cards for outputting and storing data.
UNIVAC (Universal Automatic Computer)
UNIVAC (Universal Automatic Computer) first developed by
J. Presper EckertandJohn Mauchly
helped develop a compiler that was a precursor to the widely used COBOL language
Grace Hopper
assigned to program the Mark I computer.
Grace Hopper
She oversaw programming for the UNIVAC computer
Grace Hopper
found a mothstuck in a relay responsible for a malfunction in the Mark II computer
Grace Hopper
Second Generation (1956-1963) of computers used :
Transistors instead of vacuum tubes.
Widely used in computers from 1956 to 1963.
Transistors
were smaller than vacuum tubes and allowed computers to be smaller in size, faster in speed, and cheaper to build.
Transistors
DEVELOPED transistors:
John Bardeen
Walter Brattain
William Shockley
at the Bell Laboratorieson December 23,1947
made up of semi-conductors.
Transistors
Transistors
Transistors
The third generation (1964-1971) of computers introduced the use of:
IC(integrated circuits) in computers
helped reduce the size of computers even more compared to second-generation computers, as well as make them faster.
Using IC’s in computers
The fourth generation (1972-2010) of computers took advantage of the invention of the :
microprocessor (CPU)
helped make it possible for computers to fit easily on a desk and for the introduction of the laptop.
Microprocessors, along with integrated circuits
The fifth generation (2010-present) of computers is beginning to use:
AI(artificial intelligence)
an exciting technology that has many potential applications around the world.
AI(artificial intelligence)
Advantages of Using Computers:
Speed Reliability Consistency Storage Communications
Disadvantages of Using Computers:
Health Risks Violation of Privacy Public Safety Impact on Labor Force Impact on Environment
involves reducing the electricity consumed and environmental waste generated when using a computer
Green computing
Green computing strategies:
- Recycling
- Regulating manufacturing processes
- Extending the life of computers
- Immediately donating or properly disposing of replaced computers
