M4S5 Migration And Health

Question 1

Types of migration

Answer 1

-broad term that applies to individual who leaves home and moves from one place to another
-includes people who move from one region to another within the borders of their own country (internal migration) or move from their country of brith to another country or other countries
3 types of migrants:
Immigration - a person who has settled permanently in another country
Refugee- person who has fled their own country because they are at risk of serious human rights violations and persecution there. The risks to their safety and life were so great that they felt they had no choice but to leave and seek safety outside their country because their own government cannot or will not protect them from those dangers
Asylum seeker - person who has left their country and seeking protection from persecution and serious human rights violations in another country but has not been legally recognized as refugee and waiting to receive a decision on their asylum claim

Question 2

The health of migration and 4 factors which may impact it

Answer 2

4 identify factors
1. Pre migration phases affect on well being- pre migratory events and trauma (war, human right violations, torture), epidemiological profile and how it compares to profile at destination, linguistic cultural and geographic proximity to destination
2. Movement phases affect on well being - travel conditions and mode (perilous, lack of basic health necessities) especially for irregular migration flows, duration of journey, traumatic events like abuse, single or mass movement
3. Arrival and integration phase affect on well being - separation from family/partner, discrimination and social exclusion, abuse and exploitation, legal status, language and cultural values, duration of stay
4. Return phase affect on well being - level of home community services (possibly destroyed) especially after crisis situation, remaining community ties, duration of absence, behavioural and health profile as acquired in host community
- factors additional migration status and stage, individuals who have other identity like age, gender, genetics or biological factors, SES race, language or other aspects that intersect with migration status and affect health

Question 3

Key challenges faced by migrants

Answer 3

Health services
-may not have ability to maintain consistent health records or monitoring of their existing conditions, might lack access to consistent medical care and/or health services for migrants may be lacking or limited, especially in emergencies

Finances
-may face financial challenges which make accessing health or other services that require payment difficult

Living and working conditions
-poor conditions and other potential health challenges facing migrants

Migration of healthcare workers
-unique and important issue as well
-can leave whole communities and regions with a need for trained personnel and thus gap in services available

Question 4

Healthy immigration effect

Answer 4

-means that when immigrants arrive to Canada they are on average in better health than their Canadian born counterparts but that health of immigrants and non-immigrants equalizes over time
-individuals living in Canada for 10 years or less had fewer chronic illlnesses and less chance of disability than Canadian born people or people who had been living in Canada for longer than 10 years