M3: Propositional Logic: Symbolic Translation

Question 1

study of the symbolic language used in Logic

Answer 1

Symbolic Logic

Question 2

translation of propositions, operations, and other concepts into symbolic form to manipulate them easily

Answer 2

Symbolic Logic

Question 3

dummy letters indicate propositions with empty value

Answer 3

Propositional variables

Question 4

indicate atomic propositions that contain truth-value (has an equivalent proposition)

Answer 4

Propositional Constants

Question 5

T or F: Propositional Constants, lowercase Roman Alphabet is used

Answer 5

False, capital

Question 6

3 ways in using propositional constants

Answer 6

1. underlining a word or part of a proposition with the first letter indicating what letter to be used in representing the whole proposition.
2. whole proposition is underlined and a letter is written above.

3.list of letters with corresponding propositions is provided (marked with the word ‘wherein’).

Question 7

4 Main Logical Connectives

Answer 7

Conjunction
Disjunction
Conditional
Biconditional

Question 8

2-way horizontal arrow (sometimes = )

Answer 8

biconditional

Question 9

Arrow pointing right (sometimes ⊃)

Answer 9

conditional

Question 10

Either-Or

Answer 10

disjunction

Question 11

Inverted V (sometimes * is used)

Answer 11

conjunction

Question 12

the combination of two or more atomic propositions, additional symbols are used which are called

Answer 12

Logical Connectives

Question 13

are symbols that aid in the truth-value computation of compound/complex propositions

Answer 13

Logical Operations

Question 14

T or F: All four logical connectives are logical operations.

Answer 14

TRUE

Question 15

T or F Negation is a logical connective but not a logical operation

Answer 15

False, it is a logical operation but is not a logical connective.

Question 16

T or F: Note that not all compound/complex propositions containing conjunction are indeed conjunctions

Answer 16

True

Question 17

some conjunctions become absurd once ____

Answer 17

either the subject or the predicate is distributed to their corresponding predicates and subjects.

Question 18

Two types of disjunctions

Answer 18

Inclusive/Weak and Exclusive/Strong

Question 19

Inclusive or Exclusive? Contradictions or contrasts

Answer 19

Exclusive

Question 20

Example of Exclusive disjunction

Answer 20

asleep or awake

Question 21

two options can be true at the same time

Answer 21

Inclusive/Weak Disjunctions

Question 22

Latin word for and/or

Answer 22

ver

Question 23

Latin Word for exclusive disjunctions

Answer 23

aut

Question 24

Other ways to indicate conjunctions:

Answer 24

and, but, yet, also, while, meanwhile, furthermore, however, moreover, in addition, at the same time, on the other hand, although.

Question 25

Other ways to indicate conditionals:

Answer 25

because, in order to, so that, only if, whenever.

Question 26

Conditionals are sometimes referred to as

Answer 26

Implications

Question 27

equivalent to two conditionals with the other one reversed

Answer 27

Biconditionals

Question 28

other names for antecedent

Answer 28

implicans/protasis

Question 29

other names for consequent

Answer 29

implicate/apodosis

Question 30

proper arrangement of symbols

Answer 30

syntax

Question 31

Compound/complex propositions following proper syntax abide by a

Answer 31

Well-Formed Formula

Question 32

WFF or

Answer 32

String of Symbols (simplified as SOS to rightfully indicate a distress call).

Question 33

_________ are used to group together symbols related to each other.

Answer 33

Punctuations