L7-Proving Validity

Question 1

one must not proceed in proving if the premises to be used are comprised of individual variables, or simply if they are propositional functions. For them to be used they need to be given a

Answer 1

substitution instance

Question 2

considers all possible instances that a predicate could be applied, thus it is a form of an instantiation.

Answer 2

Expansion of a proposition

Question 3

This process aids in detecting arguments that seem valid but, upon further investigation, are in fact invalid.

Answer 3

Expansion of a proposition

Question 4

in universal proposition, ____ is used

Answer 4

conjunction

Question 5

in existential proposition, ____ is used

Answer 5

disjunction

Question 6

Arguments containing propositions that cannot be classified in any of A, E, I, or O are called

Answer 6

Asyllogistic Arguments

Question 7

the process of substituting an individual constant for an individual variable, thereby converting a propositional function into a proposition

Answer 7

Instantiation

Question 8

the process of forming a proposition from a propositional function by placing a universal quantifier or an existential quantifier before it

Answer 8

Generalization

Question 9

a rule of inference that permits the valid inference of any substitution instance of a propositional function from the universal quantification of the propositional function

Answer 9

Universal Instantiation (U.I.)

Question 10

a rule of inference that permits the valid inference of a
generalized, or universally quantified, expression from an expression that is given as
true of any arbitrarily selected individual.

Answer 10

Universal Generalization (U.G.)

Question 11

rule of inference that says that we may (with some restrictions) validly infer from the existential quantification of a propositional function the truth of its substitution instance with respect to any individual constant that does not occur earlier in that context

Answer 11

Existential Instantiation (E.I.)

Question 12

rule of inference that says that from any true substitution instance of a propositional function we may validly infer the existential quantification of the function

Answer 12

Existential Generalization (E.G.)

Question 13

in which one or more of the component propositions is of a form
more complicated than the form of the A, E, I, and O propositions of the categorical syllogism, and whose analysis therefore requires logical tools more powerful than those provided by Aristotelian logic

Answer 13

Asyllogistic argument