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Comm 10 > M2:RHETORIC AND THE LOGIC OF PERSUASION > Flashcards

M2:RHETORIC AND THE LOGIC OF PERSUASION Flashcards

1
Q

Rhetoric comes from the greek word________ which means_____

A

Rhetorikos ;
oratory

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2
Q

Rhetoric is the art of _______

A

Art of persuasive speaking or writing

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3
Q

Aims to to persuade, inform, and motivate

A

Rhetoric

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4
Q

➔ Use of language and symbols to change thoughts, feelings, and actions

A

Rhetoric

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5
Q

Extends to how we communicate–the words and language we use, and the techniques we explore to convey a persuasive message

A

Rhetoric

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6
Q

Rhetorical Situation is a ______ that requires a _________ through ______ because there is a ______ that needs addressing

A

set of circumstances ;
response ;
communication or discourse ;
problem or issue

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7
Q

______ is a set of circumstances that requires a response through communication or discourse because there is a problem or issue that needs addressing

A

Rhetorical Situation

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8
Q

The following are examples of_____:
crisis communication

public service announcement

election campaign

policy making

environmental advocacy

legal defense argument

A

Rhetorical Situation

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9
Q

What are the 3 constituents of Rhetorical Situation? Define each.

A

➔ Exigence - A pressing or urgent situation that prompts someone to write or speak
➔ Audience - the individuals for whom the argument is intended
➔ Constraints - limitations or constraints that hinder the success of the discourse

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10
Q

What are the 6 component of Rhetorical Situation

A

➔ Author
➔ Audience
➔ Topic
➔ Purpose
➔ Occasion
➔ Medium

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11
Q

Component of Rhetorical Situation:

creator or sender of the message

◆ What kind of experience does the author have in the subject
◆ What values does the author have
◆ How invested is the author in the topic of the text

A

Author

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12
Q

Component of Rhetorical Situation:

intended recipient of communication or who the text is trying to influence

◆ What is the audience demographic
◆ What is the background, values, interests and motivation of the audience
◆ How open is this intended audience to the author
◆ What assumptions might the audience make about the author
◆ In what context id the audience receiving the text

A

Audience

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13
Q

Component of Rhetorical Situation:

what the author hopes to achieve with the communication

◆ What do they want from their audience
◆ What does the audience want from the text
◆ What may they do once the text is communicated

A

Purpose

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14
Q

Component of Rhetorical Situation:

setting of the audience

◆ The setting of the audience and author

A

Occasion

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15
Q

Component of Rhetorical Situation:

delivery method

◆ Alphabetic text
◆ Images
◆ Sound
◆ Multimodal tests

A

Medium

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16
Q

Component of Rhetorical Situation:

subject matter covered

A

Topic

◆ What is it about

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17
Q

How many components does a rhetorical situation have

A

6

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18
Q

Number of constituents of a rhetorical situation

A

3

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19
Q

Number of rhetorical appeals and what are those.

A

3

➔ Ethos
➔ Logos
➔ Pathos

20
Q

Rhetorical appeal that focuses on the speakers authority, expertise, credibility, and their good character

A

Ethos

21
Q

Rhetorical appeal that uses matters of fact, truth and reasoning

A

Logos

22
Q

Rhetorical appeal that pertains to feelings and emotions

A

Pathos

23
Q

Constituent of Rhetorical Situation:

A pressing or urgent situation that prompts someone to write or speak

A

Exigence

24
Q

Constituent of Rhetorical Situation:

the individuals for whom the argument is intended

A

Audience

25
Q

Constituent of Rhetorical Situation:

limitations or constraints that hinder the success of the discourse

A

Constraints

26
Q

Pertains to the method use to persuade the audience

A

Rhetorical Appeals

27
Q

➔ The use of language, signs, and symbols, contextualized in political, social, cultural, and economic situations.

A

Political Rhetoric

28
Q

POLITICAL RHETORIC is the use of _____,_____,_____contextualized in ____,____,____,___situations.

A

language,
signs,
symbols,

political,
social,
cultural,
economic

29
Q

The communicative contexts surrounding political actors shape their rhetoric and how they appeal to the public they want to persuade

A

Political Rhetoric

30
Q

____ Modes of Appeals of Political Rhetoric are:
(enumerate)

A

3;
Ethos
Logos
Pathos

31
Q

Define each:
Ethos
Logos
Pathos

A

➔ Ethos - focuses on the speakers authority, expertise, credibility, and their good character

➔ Logos - uses matters of fact, truth and reasoning

➔ Pathos - feelings and emotions

32
Q

Who uses Political Rhetoric?

A
  1. Politicians/political candidates
  2. Government official
  3. Political Parties
33
Q

What are the Common goals of Political Rhetoric

A
  1. Maintain the relationship of the speaker with the audience
  2. Motivate, inspire, inform, or persuade citizens to take an action
  3. Shift public opinion
34
Q

3 Components of Political Rhetoric

A

exigence
audience
constraints

35
Q

Components of Political Rhetoric

  • the problem that gives rise to the rhetorical situation, this is interpreted by the rhetor and shared with the audience to achieve the purpose of the rhetoric
A

Exigence

36
Q

Components of Political Rhetoric

individuals that can be influenced by the discourse. Consists of physical audience, audience who is yet to be formed, and audience in the mind of the rhetoric

A

Audience

37
Q

Components of Political Rhetoric

Persons, objects, events or relationships that can challenge the success of the rhetoric. Can be linguistic, historical, and geographical.

A

Constraint

38
Q

______ Strategies Political Communicators use to identify with the people:
Enumerate

A

(TICE)

1.Taking and avoiding sides

2.Explicit appeals to common in-group membership

3.Constructing Aspirational Identities

4.Implicit displays of rhetorical alignment

39
Q

Strategies Political Communicators use to identify with the people

◆ Dealing with the problem of audience diversity by siding with the one group against another

(e.g. the act of siding with the “ordinary people” in opposition to the “elite” by the populist politicians)

A

Taking and avoiding sides

40
Q

Strategies Political Communicators use to identify with the people

◆ Presenting an argument that appears to incorporate divergent points of view

A

Taking and avoiding sides

41
Q

Strategies Political Communicators use to identify with the people

◆ Regrouping diverse communities into a single overarching identity category

A

Explicit appeals to common in-group membership

42
Q

Strategies Political Communicators use to identify with the people

◆ Framing the leader’s own political project as the norms and values of that identity category

A

Explicit appeals to common in-group membership

43
Q

Strategies Political Communicators use to identify with the people

◆ A speaker is not confined to constructing a common rhetorical in-group located in the narrative here-and–now, but can speak to and on behalf of “a people that is not… yet”

A

➔ Constructing Aspirational Identities

44
Q

Strategies Political Communicators use to identify with the people

◆ When a speaker is acting as advocate for a group that is currently positioned outside or on the margins of a particular political community

A

➔ Constructing Aspirational Identities

45
Q

Strategies Political Communicators use to identify with the people

◆ Public display of identity

A

➔ Implicit displays of rhetorical alignment

46
Q

Strategies Political Communicators use to identify with the people

◆ Forging identity or oneness with the target audience with the use of address, body posture, style of speech that resonate with the people

A

➔ Implicit displays of rhetorical alignment

Comm 10 (5 decks)

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