m2 review

Question 1

DNA is passed from 1 bacterium to another in a bacteriophage then incorporated into recipient’s DNA

Answer 1

Transduction

Question 2

self-replicating circular molecules of DNA carrying genes that aren’t essential for cell’s survival

Answer 2

plasmid

Question 3

these are small DNA segments that can move from 1 region to another of the same chromosome or different chromosome or plasmid

Answer 3

transposons

Question 4

a form of genetic recombination in which a DNA fragment from a dead, degraded bacterium enters a competent recipient bacterium and is exchanged for a piece of DNA of the recipient

Answer 4

Transformation

Question 5

this is the resulting cell when a donor’s DNA is integrated into a recipient’s DNA (hint: recall khan academy)

Answer 5

recombinant

Question 6

gene transfer wherein a portion of cell’s DNA being transferred from donor to recipient

Answer 6

horizontal gene transfer

Question 7

when genes are passed from an organism to its offspring

Answer 7

vertical gene transfer

Question 8

genes from 2 chromosomes are recombined into 1 chromosome containing some genes from each original chromosome (hint: like in meiosis)

Answer 8

crossing over

Question 9

ionizing radiation causes the formation of ions & free radicals that react with DNA

Answer 9

Mutagens

Question 10

Cells synthesize more enzymes in the presence of certain chemicals

Answer 10

Induction

Question 11

controls synthesis of 1 or many repressible enzymes

Answer 11

Repression

Question 12

genetic composition of organism, its entire complement of DNA

Answer 12

genotype

Question 13

expression of genes

Answer 13

phenotype

Question 14

proteins of cell, properties they confer on organism

Answer 14

phenotype

Question 15

branching filamentous bacteria

Answer 15

Actinomycetes

Question 16

comma shaped curved rods; derive their name from their characteristics vibratory motality

Answer 16

Vibrios