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M15 Ryan > M15.1 > Flashcards

M15.1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is average acceleration of gravity?

A

9.8 meters per second

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2
Q

What is the equation for force?

A

Force x distance

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3
Q

What is the equation for power?

A

Work / time

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4
Q

1j = nm

A

1

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5
Q

1w = nm/s

A

1nm/s

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6
Q

Newtons 1st law?

A

A body at rest and a body in motion moves at a constant velocity unless acted upon by a un balanced external force

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7
Q

Newtons 2nd law?

A

Force = mass x acceleration

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8
Q

Newtons 3rd law?

A

Every action has a equal and opposite reaction

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9
Q

What’s the working cycle of engines?

A

Induction
Compression
Combustion
Exhaust

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10
Q

What is the cycle in a piston engine and a GTE

A

Piston = intermittent
GTE = continuous

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11
Q

What happens to pressure and volume in a GTE

A

Pressure stays the same
Volume increases

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12
Q

Why does pressure not rise in a GTE engine during combustion? And what is this called?

A

Because it’s not in an enclosed space

Heating at constant pressure or isobaric heating

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13
Q

What octane fuel does GTE use?

A

Low octane

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14
Q

The GTE is essentially what?

A

A heat engine that uses air as a working fluid to produce thrust

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15
Q

How is velocity of air increased in a GTE?

A

Increase pressure energy
Increase heat energy
A final conversion back to kinetic energy in form of a high velocity jet efflux

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16
Q

What are the functions of a a/c engine?

A

Generate thrust
Hydraulic power
Electrical power bleed air

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17
Q

What are the advantages of piston engines?

A

More fuel efficient

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18
Q

What’s the disadvantage of piston engines?

A

Decrease in performance
Lower altitudes
Too large for a/c
Weight to power ratio decreased

19
Q

What are the 4 types of GTE

A

Turbojet engine
Turbofan engine
Turboprop engine
APU

20
Q

What is the basic principle of jet propulsion?

A

Jet propulsion is the propelling force which is generated in the opposite direction to the flow of mass through the jet nozzle

21
Q

A jet engine that uses propulsion is called what?

A

Reaction engine

22
Q

What happens to un used gasses in a turbojet engine?

A

Used to drive the compressor and the accessories is converted into thrust

23
Q

What’s the negatives of turbojet engines?

A

Extremely loud
Not very efficient

24
Q

How do turboprop engines provide thrust?

A

By small acceleration of large quantities of air with a propeller

25
Q

How is the propeller driven in turboprop engines?

A

By the compressor shaft or by free turbine and long centre drive shaft

26
Q

Why does a turboprop engine have a reduction gear?

A

To reduce the high gas turbine engine rotation to speeds that can be managed by the propeller

27
Q

What does a turbofan engine combine?

A

Turbojet and turboprop engine

28
Q

How many spools does a turbofan engine have?

A

Twin or triple

29
Q

What is the fan driven by?

A

A turbine via drive shaft

30
Q

Does a turbofan engine have reduction gears?

A

No

31
Q

How much total thrust is produced by turbofan engine?

A

80%

32
Q

What is a bypass ratio?

A

Ratio of air that passes through fan duct compared to air passing through core

33
Q

What is the bypass ratio on modern a/c?

A

4:1 or 9:1

34
Q

What does the GTE power?

A

Either a single fan or set of counter rotating fans via a gearbox

35
Q

Why are propfan engines not commonly found on a/c?

A

Because of mounting difficulties

36
Q

What is a non modular engine?

A

The engine is designed in a way where it is hard to remove components from the engine

37
Q

What is a modular construction on engines?

A

Used on modern a/c where engine is set into major modules so components are easy to remove and replace

38
Q

Where are aluminium alloys mainly used on engines?

A

Used on gearbox housing
Fan stator castings
Other low loaded parts of fan module

39
Q

Where are ceramic coatings used?

A

In the combustor and high pressure turbine
The coatings serve as heat and corrosion protection

40
Q

Where are steel alloys used?

A

On the N1 drive shaft
Engine bearings
Main structural frames

41
Q

Where is cobalt used?

A

Highly heat resistant
Found in stator of first stage of the hp turbine

42
Q

Where are titanium alloys used?

A

Where there are high centrifugal forces

43
Q

Where are nickel alloys used?

A

Hp compressor
Combustion section for lp/ hp turbine

M15 Ryan (17 decks)

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