Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Microbiology > M11- Gram- negative bacteria part 2 > Flashcards

M11- Gram- negative bacteria part 2 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Name 3 non-motile gram negative anaerobic bacilli.

A
  • tannerella
  • fusobacterium
  • leptotrichia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is tannerella forsythia?

A

Saccharolytic , non-pigmented bacteria

pits the surface of blood agar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is tannerella forsythia associated with?

A

periodontitis

chronic periodonititis and increased recovery with depth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Can tannerella forsythia demonstrate pathogenic activity in isolation?

A

NO

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what does tannerella fit into?

A

RED complex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Name some virulence factors of tannerella forsythia.

A
  • fibronectin/fibrinogen binding BspA

- apoptosis inducing factor -protease (take out compliment)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What does BspA do?

A

– Adhesion
– Invasion
– Induces release of bone reabsorbing pro-inflammatory cytokines
– Induces chemokines (recruit neutrophils, inflammation, tissue destruction)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

why is tannerella forsythia pathogenicity limited (polymicrobial)?

A

– Murine skin abscess model & wound chamber model does not cause
disease
– Gnotobiotic rats does not colonize efficiently or induce alveolar bone loss

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what interactions does tannerella forsythia make?

A

– P. gingivalis enhances attachment to epithelial cells

– Forms mixed films with Fusobacterium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are features of fusobacterium nucleatum?

A
  • Diversification of Plaque
  • Periodontal Disease
  • NG -necrotising gingivitis
  • Still Births (gets in oral cavity and cross the placenta - so effects systemic health
  • Colorectal Cancer
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what type of bacteria is fusobacterium?

A

gram negative spindle shaped (fusiform) bacteria (often arranged in pairs)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what can fusobacterium nucleatum adhere?

A

Gm +ve and Gm -ve bacteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is fusobacterium nucleate FadA virulence factor involved in?

A

extra-oral infections

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what does fusobacterium bind to?

A

epithelial cells, seen to enter fibroblasts in vitro

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is fusobacterium nucleatum associated with?

A

other microorganisms in disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is F. nucleatum and Treponema vincentii spirochaete normally associated with?

A
  • necrotizing periodontal diseases

- acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what is the combination of F. nucleatum and treponema vincentii spirochaete?

A

fusospirochaetal infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what is Vincent’s angina?

A

Old ANUG name for infection of

tongue/pharynx & mouth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what is cancrum oris or NOMA?

A

– AUG causing massive tissue destruction

– Linked to immunosuppression

20
Q

who does necrotising gingivitis affect normally?

A

immunocompromised people

21
Q

what are features of necrotising gingivitis?

A
  • Young adults (mainly)
  • Cigarette smokers & minor respiratory infections
  • Ulcers spread along gingival margins
  • Gingival soreness & bleeding
  • Foul breath
  • No swollen lymph nodes, fever or systemic symptoms
22
Q

how does fusobacteria cause NG?

A
  • Induce protein kinases associated with cell migration, proliferation & cell survival
    – Stimulates collagenase 3 expression
    – Secretes serine proteases
    – Immune suppression via inducing apoptotic cell death in peripheral blood cells i.e. mononuclear & polymorphonuclear
23
Q

what to remember about fusobacteria?

A
  • sticks to other organisms
  • mutilpe interactions (peridontal disease - stimulation of immune system)
  • carry other cells into tissues
  • key roles in cancer and still birth
24
Q

what is Leptotrichia?

A
  • gram negative anaerobic bacilli

- found in pairs or long filaments

25
Q

what is the major fermentation product of leptotrichia?

A

lactic acid

26
Q

what is the best described species of leptotrichia?

A

Leptotrichia buccalis

27
Q

Describe Leptotrichia buccalis.

A

– present in dental plaque
-preferentially isolated from plaque overlying caries
– Possess galactosyl-binding lectins
– Extra-oral infections in seriously ill patients

28
Q

Describe gram -ve facultative anaerobes.

A 
• Prefer Oxygen
• Often capnophilic (5 - 10% CO2)
• important oral genera include:
-Haemophilus 
-Eikenella 
-Aggregatibacter 
-Capnocytophaga
29
Q

what is haemophilus?

A

• Gram -ve small bacilli (Parvobacteria)
– frequently isolated from mouth and dental
plaque
– Haemophili colonise the mouth in the first few days after birth

30
Q

what is the most common haemolphilus species in dental plaque?

A

haemophilus segnis (supragingivial plaque)

31
Q

Is haemophilus segnis regarded as pathogenic?

A

no

32
Q

what species works on its own?

A

Aggregatibacter

33
Q

what is aggregatibacter?

A
  • Gram -ve, capnophilic (5-10%), cocco-bacillus – often found in association with Actinomyces
  • Periodontopathogen (Localised Juvenile Periodontitis)
34
Q

Name some virulence factors of aggregatibacter.

A

Leukotoxin (takes out white blood cells), collegenase, IgG proteases, surface proteins

35
Q

Describe juvenile periodontitis.

A
  • Puberty, more common in Girls
  • Clusters in families
  • West African & Asian (slightly more common)
  • Localised J P (first permanent molars & incisors)
  • Generalised J P (aggressive)
36
Q

what does A. actinomycetemcomitans cause?

A
  • Rapid destructive periodontitis

* Juvenile periodontitis (11-15)

37
Q

what is eikenella?

A

• Gram -ve asaccharolytic small bacillus (coccobacilli) – that pits or corrodes agar

38
Q

what does eikenella corrodes colonise?

A

the oral cavity and intestine

-subgingival plaque

39
Q

what can eikenella cause?

A

Can produce periodontitis and alveolar bone loss when introduced into rats
– Increased numbers in gingivitis

40
Q

what is clenched first injury?

A
  • 21 year old cut hand
  • 12 hours after hitting an opponent in the mouth
  • Rapid onset/redness (erythema)
41
Q

what is capnocytophaga?

A

Gram -ve, fusiform, CO2-dependent,

Parvobacteria

42
Q

Describe curved gram -ve bacilli.

A

Many curved/spiral Gram -ve bacteria are found in the mouth. These are usually anaerobic with polar flagellae e.g.
• Campylobacter rectus
– plaque and periodontal pockets

43
Q

what is the core knowledge of gram negative key species?

A 
• Tannerella forsythia
– Red complex, Perio-bone loss, BspA
• Fusobacterium nucleatum
– Bridging organism, perio, extra-oral, still births,
FadA
• Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans – Perio, juvenile perio, leukotoxin,Amoxycillin &
Metronidazole
• Eikenella corrodens
– Perio & clenched fist injuries
44
Q

what makes up the RED complex?

A

– Tannerella forsythia
– Porphyromonas gingivalis
– Treponema denticola

45
Q

what is the orange complex?

A

– Prevotella intermedia
– Prevotella nigrescens
– Fusobacterium nucleatum

Microbiology (30 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions