M1 Topic 4 Bonding Flashcards
what is the octet rule
atoms gain lose or share electrons in order to have a fully valent shell
Characteristic of ionic compounds (2)
between metals and non metals
have a lattice structure that are alternating + and -
what happens when elements are ionically bonded
the metal loses electrons and the non metal gains electrons
what is hydroxide’s symbol
OH⁻
what is nitrates’s symbol
NO₃⁻
what is acetates symbol
CH3COO⁻
what is hydrogen carbonates symbol
HCO₃⁻
what is nitrite’s symbol
NO₂⁻
what is carbonate’s symbol
CO₃²⁻
what is chromate’s symbol
CrO₄²⁻
what is dichromate’s symbol
Cr₂O₇²⁻
what is sulfates symbol
SO₄²⁻
what is sulfite’s symbol
SO₃²⁻
what is phosphates symbol
PO₄³-
what is ammonium’s symbol
NH₄⁺
what are the characteristics of covalent bonding (3)
creates molecular compounds
share electrons
two non metals
what happens between elements that are covalently bonded
the elements share electrons to get an fully valent outer shell
characteristics of covalent network solids (4)
High melting point
Very strong
Doesn’t dissolve
Continuous in definitively in 3 dimensions in a lattice or network
types of molecule shapes (5)
linear bent tirgonal planar trigonal pyramidal tetrahedral
how do you get a polar molecule
covalent bonding between unlike atoms
why do metals atoms bond with each other
delocalisation of the valence electrons
what is an allotrope
the property of some chemical elements to exist in two different forms
