M1 Topic 2 : Atomic structure and Atomic Mass Flashcards
what are radioisotopes
an atom that has excess nuclear energy, making it unstable which causes it to decay
what is a band of stability
where the nuclei are stable
what things do radioisotopes decay into (3)
Alpha radiation
Beta radiation
Gamma radiation
Characteristics of Alpha particles (4)
Stable alpha particles made of two protons and two neutrons.
Emitted from nuclei that have two few neutrons.
Low energy form of radiation.
Travel only a few cm.
characteristics of Beta particles (4)
High energy electron.
Formed from a decaying nuclei with too many neutrons.
More penetrating power than alpha particles.
When beta particles are produced, one Neutron is converted into a proton increasing the atomic number
characteristics of a Gamma particle (2)
High energy electromagnetic radiation
Great penetrating power (only stopped by dense lead plates)
what is the equation for alpha decay
original element –> new element + Helium
what is the equation for beta decay
original element –> new element + electron
what colour flame is produced with sodium chloride in a flame test
Orange
what colour flame is produced with potassium chloride in a flame test
Lilac
what colour flame is produced with calcium chloride in a flame test
red
what colour flame is produced with Copper chloride in a flame test
greenish yellow
what colour flame is produced with strontium chloride in a flame test
crimson
what colour flame is produced with barium chloride in a flame test
yellow
what colour flame is produced with lithium chloride in a flame test
red
