M1 Anatomy

Question 1

Nerve supply of the anterior abdominal wall comes from the ventral rami of ___ - ____.

Answer 1

T6 - T12

Question 2

Nerve supply of the posterior abdominal wall

Answer 2

Lumbar Plexus, Autonomic Plexuses, lumbar part of sympathetic chain (trunk)

Question 3

Lumbar Plexus comes from spinal nerves from segments ___ - _____ and is within (or close to) ____ muscle.

Answer 3

L1-4, psoas

Question 4

Name the branches of the lumbar plexus

Answer 4

Iliohypogastric L1
Ilioinguinal L1
Genitofemoral L1-2
Lateral Cutaneous Nerve of the Thigh L2-3
Femoral L2-4
Obturator - L2-4

Question 5

Sacral Plexus
Formed by L__ - S__ in or around the ______ muscle.

Answer 5

L4-S4, piriformis

Question 6

Name the 2 terminal branches of the sacral plexus

Answer 6

Sciatic (L4-S3) and pudendal (S2-4)

Question 7

The Superior Gluteal Nerve is formed by branches from the dorsal divisions of spinal nerves L__ - S__ of the sacral plexus.

Answer 7

L4 - S1

Question 8

Superior Gluteal Nerve supplies which muscles?

Answer 8

Glute med and min, and TFL

Question 9

Inferior Gluteal Nerve is formed by branches from the dorsal division of L_ - S_

Answer 9

L5 - S2

Question 10

Inferior Gluteal Nerve is motor to _________ muscle.

Answer 10

Glute max

Question 11

Posterior Femoral Cutaneous Nerve arises from the sacral plexus, ventral primary rami of spinal nerves S_ - S_. It carries motor innervation to _____ and is sensory to _______ & ______.

Answer 11

S1 - S3
Skin
skin of lower buttock and posterior thigh

Question 12

The nerve to obturator internus and superior gemellus muscle originates from ventral divisions of L_ - S_

Answer 12

L5 - S2

Question 13

Sciatic Nerve is formed of nerve roots from L_ - S_ and is formed on the _____ muscle.

Answer 13

L4-S3
Piriformis

Question 14

Sciatic nerve divides into 2 major branches in the thigh. Name them.

Answer 14

Common fibular (peroneal) and tibial nerve

Question 15

Pudendal Nerve is formed from S_ - S_.
It controls these functions: _____ & ____

Answer 15

S2 - S4
Urination and defecation

Question 16

Coccygeal plexus is formed from S_ - S_ and is motor to the _____ muscle.

Answer 16

S4-S5, coccygeus

Question 17

Tibial Nerve is formed from L_ - S_.

Answer 17

L4 - S3

Question 18

Fibular Nerve is formed from L_ - S_

Answer 18

L4 - S2

Question 19

Name the 4 abdominal autonomic plexuses.

Answer 19

coeliac
aortic
inferior mesenteric
superior hypogastric

Question 20

Name the sympathetic (5) and parasympathetic (2) visceral (Autonomic) nerves supplying the viscera

Answer 20

Sympathetic: greater, lesser, least, lumbar, sacral splanchnic
Parasympathetic: Vagus nerve and S2-4 pelvic splanchnic

Question 21

Name the pre-vertebral plexuses on the posterior abdominal wall. (6)

Answer 21

Coeliac, superior mesenteric, aortic, inferior mesenteric, superior hypogastric and inferior hypogastric plexuses

Question 22

The ______ trunk supplies the foregut.
The __________ supplies the midgut.

Answer 22

Celiac
Superior mesenteric artery

Question 23

Choose the correct answer for each:

1. Gray rami communicantes
2. White rami communicantes

a. post-ganglionic sympathetic to get out of sympathetic trunk and rejoin spinal nerves. In pelvis.
b. pre-ganglionic sympathetic to get out of spinal nerve to enter sympathetic trunk. In T1-L2, not in pelvis.

Answer 23

1. a
2. b

Question 24

A ______ is an area of skin that is mainly supplied by a single spinal nerve.
T10 is which region?

Answer 24

Dermatome
Umbilicus

Question 25

Where does the abdominal aorta begin and end? It divides into the right and left ___________ arteries.

Answer 25

T12 at the aortic hiatus of the diaphragm Ends at L4 Common iliac

Question 26

The abdominal aorta's venous counterpart is _____, travelling parallel to it on its _____ side. a) IVC, right b) SVC, right c) IVC, left d) SVC, left

Answer 26

a) IVC, right

Question 27

The common iliac artery bifurcates into the internal and external iliac arteries. The internal iliac then divides into two ______ and _____ trunks. a) medial and later b) anterior and posterior c) superior and inferior

Answer 27

b) anterior and posterior

Question 28

Choose the correct options for the branches of the abdominal aorta. 1. Ventral unpaired branches 2. Lateral paired branches 3. Posterior (paired and unpaired) of descending aorta a. lumbar and medial sacral b. coeliac trunk, superior and inferior mesenteric artery c. inferior phrenic, middle suprarenal, renal, gonadal

Answer 28

1. b 2. c 3. a

Question 29

Branches of the internal iliac artery - choose the list with the correct posterior and anterior division. a. Inferior gluteal, obturator, umbilical, internal pudendal, middle rectal, uterine, inferior vesicle/vaginal b. iliolumbar, lateral sacral, superior gluteal

Answer 29

a. anterior branches b. posterior branches

Question 30

Which artery supplies most of the pelvis?

Answer 30

Internal iliac

Question 31

The portal vein begins at L_ a. T12 b. L1 c. L2 d. L3

Answer 31

c. L2

Question 32

The portal vein is the formed by the junction of ______ and _______ veins.

Answer 32

Splenic and superior mesenteric veins

Question 33

The inferior vena cava drains into the _____. It drains all of the body ______ the level of the respiratory diaphragm. a. medial b. lateral c. above d. below

Answer 33

Right atrium below

Question 34

There are ___ pairs of lumbar veins. They drain the lumbar region and the ______abdominal wall (psoas, QL).

Answer 34

4 posterior

Question 35

The right testicular vein drains into the _____ vena cava while the left drains into the left _____ vein.

Answer 35

inferior renal

Question 36

The hepatic and renal veins both drain into the _____ vena cava.

Answer 36

Inferior

Question 37

Renal Veins: The left renal vein drains the left ovary/testes, left ureter, left kidney, left suprarenal gland and left part of respiratory diaphragm. The right renal vein drains ______.

Answer 37

Only the right kidney

Question 38

The inferior phrenic veins drain the: a. anterior abdominal wall b. diaphragm c. spleen d. pelvis

Answer 38

b. diaphragm

Question 39

________ are a network of valveless veins that connect deep pelvic veins and thoracic veins to the internal vertebral venous plexuses.

Answer 39

Baston's venous plexus

Question 40

The internal iliac veins receive 5 parietal veins corresponding to the parietal branches of the internal iliac artery (except iliolumbar vein which ends in common iliac vein): 1. lateral sacral 2. superior gluteal 3. _________ 4. internal pudendal 5. ___________

Answer 40

3. obturator 5. inferior gluteal veins

Question 41

The internal iliac veins receive visceral veins which correspond to the visceral branches of the internal iliac artery except the umbilical artery (because there's no corresponding vein). These visceral veins include: 1. inferior vesicle 2. _______ 3. uterine 4. _____ 5. middle rectal

Answer 41

2. prostatic 4. vaginal

Question 42

_____ is the most inferior part of the thoracic duct and is an accumulation of major trunks.

Answer 42

Cisterna Chyli

Question 43

_____ is the main lymphatic duct. It begins at cisterna chyli and ascends through the aortic hiatus.

Answer 43

Thoracic duct

Question 44

Connect the Hiatus to the structures passing through it. (Note: The vena cava, esophagus and aorta have been removed from the list.) 1. Caval hiatus 2. Esophageal hiatus 3. Aortic hiatus a. vagus nerve b. some branches of R phrenic nerve c. thoracic duct, azygos and hemiazygos veins

Answer 44

1. b 2. a 3 C

Question 45

The pelvic splanchnic nerves carry which type of fibers?

Answer 45

preganglionic parasympathetic fibers Pelvis Splanchnic - ParaSympathetic