Lynn: ECG

Question 1

Intrinsic conduction system of the heart

Answer 1

P: SA node receives action potential from CNS. Atria contract and push blood into Ventrical
P-Q: inpulse delay to AV node through gap junction allows complete contraction of the atria
QRS: Atria relax and impulse reaches Bundle of His and ventricles contract pushing blood out to lungs/body
S-T: Impulse reaches L and R Bundle Branches allowing for complete ventricle contraction
T: Impulse reaches Purkinje Fibre and ventricles relax

Question 2

Hypertrophy

Answer 2

Size of L ventricle chamber compromised.
Num. Small blocks from base to R >35
V1+2: Significant S
V5: Significant R

Question 3

Athletes Heart

Answer 3

L ventricle not compromised
V5,6: Peaked T wave

Question 4

Ischemia

Answer 4

Blood flow to heart decreased=poor O2 supply
Inverted T wave
ST segment depression
Significant QRS wave

Question 5

Infarction

Answer 5

Blood flow completely cut off
ST segment elevation
Wide/Deep QRS

Question 6

Rhythm

Answer 6

Pattern of electrical impulses.
Check if pauses btw are equal.
Check distance btw R waves.
Check if there is a QRS complex for every P wave

Question 7

Sinus Rhythm

Answer 7

Regular heart beat

Question 8

Sinus Arrhythmia

Answer 8

Multiple P waves

Question 9

Ectopic Focus

Answer 9

Stimulus doesnt start at SA node

Question 10

PVC

Answer 10

.

Question 11

Atrial Fibrilation

Answer 11

Irregular, rapid heart beat caused by poor blood flow.
Multiple P waves

Question 12

Ventricular Fibrillation

Answer 12

Rapid, inadequate heart beat starting in the bottom chambers.
Multiple QRS complexes

Question 13

Bundle Branch block

Answer 13

Block ability of impulse to travel to Purkinje Fibres

Question 14

Right BBB

Answer 14

V1-3: M pattern
V5-6: slurred S

Question 15

Left BBB

Answer 15

V1:Dominant S
V6: broad R/M pattern

Question 16

ECG

Answer 16

ElectroCardioGram. Checks heart rhythm and electrical activity

Question 17

Views of the heart

Answer 17

Inferior-II,III,aVF
Lateral-I,aVL,V5,V6,aVR
Anterior-V3,V4
Septal-V1,V2

Question 18

Rate

Answer 18

How fast/slow your heart beats
R-R close-Fast HB
R-R far-Slow HB

Question 19

Big Square

Answer 19

5 by 5
25 small squares
0.2sec

Question 20

Small Square

Answer 20

0.04sec
1 by 1

Question 21

6second strip

Answer 21

30 large blocks

Question 22

Calculating Rate

Answer 22

1. Num small squares btw R-R ÷ 1500 = …bpm
2. Num large blocks btw R-R ÷ 300 = …bpm
3. Irregular: count how many QRS complexes there are within 30 large blocks x10

Question 23

AV Valve

Answer 23

Btw Ventricles and atria

Question 24

SV valve

Answer 24

Btw LV and aorta

Question 25

Interpretation recipe

Answer 25

1. Rate: how fast heart is beating
2. Rhythm: pattern of electrical pulses
3. Hypertrophy: >35 blocks btw Base and R
4. Infarction: ST elevation
5. Ischemia: inverted T, ST depression
6. Athletes heart: peaked T

Question 26

Placements and limb leads

Answer 26

RA: Midclavicular
LA: Midclavicular
RL: Iliac Crest
LL: Iliac Crest
Lead 1: RA-LA
Lead 2: RA-LL
Lead 3: LA-LL

Question 27

Eindhovens triangle
Agmented Vectors

Answer 27

AVRight: tells you if placements are correct as all waves are negative- Lateral RA-LA+LL
AVLeft: Lateral LA-RA+LL
AVFoot: Inferior LL-RA+LA

Question 28

Chest placements

Answer 28

V1: 4th intercostal space R of Sternum
V2: 4th intercostal space l of sternum
V4: 5th intercostal space midclavicular
V3: 5th rib,1/2 btw V2 and V4
V5: inline with V4 anterior axilla
V6: inline with V5 mid axilla

Question 29

When do you do an ECG?

Answer 29

Chest pain
Dyspnea
Abnormal hr
Palpitations
Cardiac history