Lymphocytes II Flashcards

1
Q

T cell activation

A

MHC II Ag - to CD4 T cell
MHC I Ag - to CD8 T cell

costimulation - B7 and CD28

requires 2 signals**

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2
Q

B cell activation

A

B cell receptor mediated endocytosis -foreign antigen on MHC II and recognized by TCR on CD4 T cell - signal 1

CD40 on B cell - bind CD40L on Th cell - signal 2

CD4 T cell - secrete cytokine - determine Ig class switch of B cell

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3
Q

antibody structure

A

Fab - variable - L and H chain region

Fc - IgM and IgG - fixe complement - close to hinge

heavy cahin - Fc and Fab regions

light chain - only Fab region

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4
Q

Fab regions

A

antigen binding

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5
Q

antibody diversity

A

rearrangement VJ and VDJ genes

somatic hypermutation

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6
Q

Fc region

A

constant
carboxy terminal
carb side chain
determine isotype

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7
Q

mature B cells

A

express IgM and IgD

CD40 induce isotype switch - to IgA, IgE, and IgG

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8
Q

IgG

A

main Ab - delayed response to antigen

most abundant in serum

fix complement
cross placenta
infant - passive immunity

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9
Q

IgA

A

mucous membrane defense

does not fix complement

monomer in circulation
dimer when secreted

produced in GI tract - peyers patches

most produced - but low in serum

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10
Q

released into tears, saliva, mucus, breast milk

A

IgA

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11
Q

IgM

A

immediate response to antigen

fix complement
does not cross placenta

monomer on B cell

pentamer when secreted

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12
Q

IgE

A

bind mast cell and basophil

cross linked when exposed to allergen

type I hypersensitivity

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13
Q

thymus independent Ags

A

Ag lack peptide component cannot be presented by MHC to T cells

weak or nonimmunogenic

vaccine - require booster and adjuvant

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14
Q

thymus dependent Ags

A

antigen with protein component

immuno memory occur
-bc B cell and CD4 T cell CD40 interaction

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15
Q

acute phase reactants

A

induced by IL-6 mainly

signify inflammatory process

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16
Q

C-RP

A

measure of inflammation

17
Q

ferritin

A

bind and sequester iron

acute phase reactant

18
Q

fibrinogen

A

coag factor

acute phase reactant

19
Q

hepcidin

A

prevent release of iron bound by ferritin

acute phase reactant

20
Q

serum amyloid A

A

acute phase reactant

prolonged elevation = amyloidosis

21
Q

class complement pathway

22
Q

alternative complement pathway

A

microbe surface molecule

23
Q

lectin complement pathway

A

mannose -other sugars on microbe surface

24
Q

anaphylaxins

25
opzonin
C3b
26
MAC complex
C5-9
27
neutrophil chemotaxis
C5a
28
inhibitors of complement
so don't attack self cells CD55 C1 esterase inhibitor
29
C1 esterase inhibitor deficiency
hereditary angioedema CI - ACE Is
30
C3 deficiency
risk severe recurrent pyogenic sinus and resp infections susceptible to type III HS
31
C5-9 deficiency
susceptible to neisseria infection
32
DAF deficiency
complement mediated lysis of RBCs and paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
33
C3 convertase of alternative
C3bBb
34
C3 converatase of lectin and classic
C4b2b
35
C3 convertase
cleave C3 to C3b and C3a C3a - anaphylatoxin C3b - helps to form C5 convertases cleaves C5b and C5a C5b - activate MAC complex C5a - attract neutrophils