Immune Responses II Flashcards
passive immunity
receive preformed antibodies
rapid onset
but short duration of action - 3 weeks
ex- IgA in breast milk or maternal IgG cross placenta
and tx for some infections - tetanus toxin Ab, botulinum toxin Ab, HBV, varicella, rabies, etc.
active immunity
exposure to foreign antigen
slow response
but long lasting protection
with vaccines and natural infection
live attenuated vaccine
induce cell and humoral response
-lifelong immunity
MMR - only live attenuated given to HIV positive patient
live attenuated vaccines
MMR polio - sabin influenza - intranasal yellow fever varicella zoster
killed vaccines
rabies
influenza - injection
polio - salk
-hep A
induce humoral response
need boosters
type I HS
Ag cross link IgE
immediate release vasoactive amines - postcap venules - histamine
delayed response - leukotriene AA metabolites
not Ab mediated
type IV HS
type II HS
cytotoxic - antibody mediated
IgM or IgG bind antigen on enemy cell
-cellular destruction occurs
opsonization
complement inflammation
antibody mediated cell destruction
MAC formation
direct and indirect coombs
type II HS
direct - Abs that have adhered to patients RBCs
indirect - serum Abs that can adhere to other RBCs
type III HS
immune complex mediated
Ag-Ab complex
serum sickness and arthus rxn
serum sickness
IC disease - Abs to foreign proteins produces
IC form and deposit in membranes - fix complement
arthus rxn
subacute Ab mediated HS rxn
intradermal injection of Ag - induce Abs
Ag-Ab complex in skin - edema, necrosis, complement activation
type IV HS
delayed - T cell mediated
sensitized T cells - encounter antigen and release cytokines
NO ANTIBODY INVOLVEMENT
TB skin test, transplant rejection, contact dermatitis, PPD test
swelling and inflammation after tetanus vaccine
arthur rxn - type III HS
graft vs host disease
type IV HS
multiple sclerosis
type IV HS
contact dermatitis
type IV HS
IgA deficient individual
need transfusion without IgA
ABO blood group incompatability
type II HS rxn
anti ACh Ab
myasthenia gravis
anti BM Ab
goodpasture
anticardiolipid Ab
SLE, antiphospholipid Ab syndrome
anticentromere Ab
CREST
anti-desmoglein Ab
desmosome
pemphigoid vulgaris
