Immune Responses I Flashcards

1
Q

IL-1

A

from macros

fever
acute inflammation
activate endothelium adhesion molecules

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2
Q

IL-6

A

from macros

fever
stimulate acute phase reactant production

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3
Q

IL-8

A

from macros

chemotactic factor for neutrophils

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4
Q

IL-12

A

from macros

induce T cells - to Th1 cells

activate NK cells

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5
Q

TNF-a

A

from macros

mediate septic shock
activate endothelium
WBC recruitment
vascular leak

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6
Q

cachexia

A

TNF -a

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7
Q

IL-2

A

from all T cells

stimulate growth of helper, cytotoxic, reg T cells
stimulate grwoth NK cells

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8
Q

IL-3

A

from all T cells

stimulate growth and differentiation of bone marrow stem cells

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9
Q

IFN-gamma

A

from Th1 cells

stimulate macrophage

and activate NK cell

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10
Q

IL-4

A

from Th2 cell

induce differentiation into Th2 cells

promote B cell growth

enhanced class switching - IgE and IgG

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11
Q

IL-5

A

from Th2 cells

promote differentiation of B cells

class switch to IgA cells

growth and differentiation of eosinophils

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12
Q

IL-10

A

from Th2 cells

modulate inflammation

decreased MHC class II and Th1 cytokines

inhibit macros and dendritic cells

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13
Q

inhibitors of immune response

A

IL-10

TGF-B

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14
Q

NADPH oxidase deficiency

A

chronic granulomatous disease

no O2 to superoxide - O2-

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15
Q

superoxide dismutase

A

O2- to H2O2

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16
Q

myeloperoxidase

A

H2O2 and Cl to HClO

17
Q

bacterial catalase

A

H2O2 to H2O and O2

18
Q

glutathione reductase

A

require selenium

19
Q

selenium

A

for both glutathione reductase and peroxidase

20
Q

bleach

A

HClO
hypochlorite

formed by myeloperoxidase

21
Q

respiratory burst

A

activation of phagocte NADPH oxidase

-use O2 to form superoxide

22
Q

color of sputum

A

blue green

from myeloperoxidase

23
Q

phagocyte of patient with chronic granulomatous disease

A

use H2O2 from organism to generate ROS

increased risk infection of catalase positive species
-bc these can get rid of H2O2

staph aureus, aspergillus

24
Q

pyocyanin of pseudomonas

A

generate ROS to kill competing microbes

25
Q

interferon a and B

A

defense RNA and DNA viruses

glycoproteins
-act locally on uninfected cells

prime them for viral defense
-help selectively degrade viral nucleic acid and protein

result in apoptosis - disrupt viral amplification

26
Q

MHC class I

A

on all nucleated cells

not RBCs

27
Q

T reg cells

A

CD4

CD25

28
Q

CD28

A

on T cells

binds B7 - on B cells and APCs

29
Q

CD16

A

NK cells

30
Q

CD56

A

NK cell

31
Q

CD34

A

hematopoietic stem cells

32
Q

CD14 and CD40

A

macros

33
Q

anergy

A

stage where cell cannot be activated by exposure to its antigen

if T or B cell activated without costimulatory signal

mechanism of self tolerance

34
Q

superantigens

A

cross link beta region fo T cell receptor to MHC class II

activate any CD4 T cell

massive release of cytokines

35
Q

RNA segment assortment

A

influenza virus

segmented RNA virus

36
Q

salmonella variation

A

2 flagellar variants

37
Q

n. gonorrhea antigen variation

A

pilus protein