Lymphatics of the Head and Neck Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three main functions of the lymphatic system?

A

picks up protein molecules from tissue fluid which are too large to pass through capillaries and transports them to bloodstream, returns excess tissue fluid to bloodstream, and produces lymphocytes

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2
Q

What are swellings that produce lymphocytes and act as filters for the lymph, preventing foreign bodies from entering the bloodstream?

A

lymph nodes

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3
Q

What does an afferent lymph vessel do?

A

drains lymph to a node

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4
Q

What does an efferent lymph vessel do?

A

drains lymph from a node

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5
Q

What are the three superficial nodes of the head?

A

occipital, mastoid, and parotid

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6
Q

What are the superficial lymph nodes of the neck?

A

submandibular, submental, anterior cervical, superficial cervical

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7
Q

What is lymph moved by?

A

skeletal muscle contraction

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8
Q

What is exercise good for in the lymphatic system?

A

it helps clear toxins from tissues and helps metabolize such toxins

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9
Q

Which nodes are a chain of nodes that follow along the external jugular vein?

A

superficial cervical

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10
Q

What are the two largest deep cervical nodes?

A

jugulodigastric node and jugulo-omohyoid node

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11
Q

Which node is enlarged during tonsilitis?

A

jugulodigastric

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12
Q

What drains into the junction between the internal jugular and subclavian veins?

A

right jugular trunk

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13
Q

What drains into the thoracic duct?

A

left jugular trunk

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14
Q

What do the submental nodes do?

A

afferents of this node drain the central portions of the lower lip, the floor of the mouth, and the tip of the tongue

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15
Q

What do the submandibular nodes do?

A

afferents of this node drain the cheek, side of the nose, upper lip, lateral part of the lower lip, gums and the margin of the tongue

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16
Q

what is the spread of cancer via the lymphatic system?

A

lymphogenous metastasis

17
Q

Which node is usually enlarged on the left side and is often the first indication of a visceral tumor of the thorax or abdomen?

A

signal (sentinel) nodes

18
Q

What is a primary tumor of lymph nodes?

A

lymphoma

19
Q

What is Hodgkins Disease?

A

lymphoma that can be managed

20
Q

A type of lymphoma that is very aggressive and has a poor prognosis?

A

non-hodgkins lymphoma

21
Q

What is a parasitic infection of lymphatic system?

A

filariasis

22
Q

When diagnosing lymphomas, what are the indcators?

A

tendor painful - indicates infection

hard and painless - cyst development or cancer