Lymphatic system Flashcards
- Returns fluids that leaked from
vascular system back to the blood - Protects the body by removing
foreign material from the lymph - immune surveillance
LYMPHATIC SYSTEM &
IMMUNITY
Consists of the ff semi-independent
parts:
Lymphatic vessels
Lymphatic organs
Distribution of Lymphatic vessels
- Lymphatic capillaries
- Lymphatic vessels
- Lymphatic trunks
(Lumbar, Intestinal, Bronchomediastinal, Subclavian, Jugular)
Lymph Trunks
(Lumbar, Intestinal, Bronchomediastinal, Subclavian, Jugular)
drains lower extremities and
pelvis
Lumbar
drains abdominal region
Intestinal
drain thorax
Bronchomediastinal
- drains upper extremities
Subclavian
drains head and neck
Jugular
- originates from cisterna chyli
- which empties into the left subclavian vein at its junction with the left internal jugular vein
a. thoracic duct
- which empties into the right subclavian vein at its junction with the right internal jugular vein
right lymphatic duct
LYMPH TRANSPORT
Skeletal muscle contraction
Negative pressure in the thorax
Valves
LYMPHATIC ORGANS
Basic structural components:
- Lymphocytes aggregates
- loose, dense, nodular, follicles - Loose connective tissue: reticular
- Epithelial cells
- Located along lymphatic vessels
- macrophages that phagocytize
bacteria
Lymphocytes mounting immune
response
Filters the lymph
LYMPH NODE
- is a flat, pinkish-gray, two lobed organ
lying high in the chest anterior to the
aorta and posterior to the sternum. - increases its size during childhood
- characteristic feature is hassal’s or
thymic corpuscles - In the thymus the lymphoid tissue is
not arranged in nodules
THYMUS
- largest lymphatic organ
- located at the left hypochondriac region
- graveyard for senescent or aged RBC
- filters the blood
-produces lymphocytes and plasma cells
SPLEEN
Structure of spleen
-Capsule
-Contains lymphocytes, macrophages, RBC
-Red pulp
-contains abundant RBC and
macrophages
- White pulp
- contains lymphocytes
several groups of tonsils forming a ring of
lymphoid tissue, guard the entrance of the
alimentary and respiratory tracts from
invasion by microorganisms. This is called
Waldeyer’s ring.
- the components of this ring are:
1. palatine tonsils
2. nasopharyngeal tonsil
3. lingual tonsils
TONSILS
Clusters of nodules in the ileum
Macrophages are in ideal position to capture and destroy bacteria, preventing them from reaching the intestinal wall.
PEYER’S PATCHES
Gut associated lymphatic tissue (GALT)
DEVELOPMENTAL ASPECT
OF THE LYMPHATICS
- Lymphatics develop as outpocketing of
developing vein, from mesoderm - Thymus gland develops from
endoderm - The rest of the lymphoid organs
develop from mesoderm
- defense of the body against disease causing agents like transplant, blood
transfusion, autoimmune, allergies,
AIDS - specific or non specific
IMMUNITY
- block the entry or spread of the disease
Non specific response
- very specific
- tailored to individual treat
- antibody mediated ( B cells) and cells
mediated (T cells)
Specific
- Present at birth
- Non specific
- Does not become efficient upon the second exposure to same organism
- skin, mucous membrane, phagocytes, natural killer cell, inflammatory response, interferon, complement, fever
INNATE IMMUNITY( NON
SPECIFIC IMMUNE RESPONSE)
