Lymphatic System

Question 1

A vast collection of cells snd biochemical that travel in lymphatic vessels. A network of vessels that assist in circulating fluids

Answer 1

Lymphatic system

Question 2

Sites where stem cells divide. Provide the location for B and T lymphocytes to mature which are the thymus and bone marrow

Answer 2

Primary

Question 3

Sites where most immune responses occur. These are the lymph nodes, tonsils, the Peyer’s patches, and spleen

Answer 3

Secondary

Question 4

Removes excess tissue fluid and return it to bloodstream. Approximately 30 liters of fluid pass from the capillaries to the interstitial fluid each day whereas only 27 liters pass from the interstitial fluid back to capillaries

Answer 4

Fluid balance

Question 5

Lacteals: absorb digested fat and fat-soluble vitamin

Answer 5

Liquid absorption

Question 6

Pathogens are filtered from lymph by lymph nodes and from blood by the spleen.

Answer 6

Defense

Question 7

Specialized lymph capillaries located in the villi of small intestines that usually absorbs digested fat and fat-soluble vitamins and carry them to the general circulation

Answer 7

Lacteals

Question 8

Are capable of destroying substances and microorganisms

Answer 8

Lymphocytes

Question 9

Also known as intercellular fluid. It acts as the intermediary between the blood in capillaries and the tissue. Its composition is water, lymphocytes, some granulocytes, digestive nutrients, hormones, salts, carbon dioxide and urea.

Answer 9

Interstitial fluid

Question 10

Excess fluid passes through the tissue spaces and enters lymphatic capillaries to become lymph. A clear, colorless fluid. Its composition is water and solutes derived from 2 sources: substances in plasma (ions, nutrients, proteins) and from cells (hormones, enzymes and waste products)

Answer 10

Lymph

Question 11

Run parallel to blood capillaries in all body tissues. Also made of simple squamous epithelium and allows diffusion of tissue fluid from interstitial spaces into the lymphatic pathway. Responsible for absorbing small chain fatty acids in the small intestine using specialized lymphatic capillaries called lacteals

Answer 11

Lymphatic capillaries

Question 12

Have thin walls and valves to prevent backflow. It is filled with lymph. Larger vessels lead to lymph nodes and then to larger lymphatic trunks. Located in all most tissues and organs that have blood vessels

Answer 12

Lymphatic vessels

Question 13

The 3 layers of lymphatic vessels

Answer 13

• endothelial lining
• smooth muscle
• connective tissue

Question 14

Site of T lymphocytes maturation and production. Located at the superior mediastinum and is divided into cortex and medulla

Answer 14

Thymus

Question 15

T and B lymphocytes develop from stem cells in red bone marrow

Answer 15

Bone marrow

Question 16

Are tiny oval shaped structures. It is covered by a capsule of fibrous connective tissue. It filters potentially harmful particles from the lymph. And produces lymphocytes to destroy invading bacteria

Answer 16

Lymph nodes

Question 17

Cells made up of dense masses. Dense arrangement of lymph tissues lacking a distinct pattern

Answer 17

Lymphatic nodules

Question 18

Capable of producing lymphocytes and filtering bacteria. Palatine, pharyngeal, and lingual. Group of lymphatic nodules in the oral cavity in the nasopharynx. Function is to trap foreign pathogens before they enter the body

Answer 18

Tonsils

Question 19

The largest lymphatic organ. Contains white and red pulp. Located in upper left quadrant of abdomen, just inferior to the body diagram

Answer 19

Spleen

Question 20

Contains compact masses of lymphocytes

Answer 20

White pulp

Question 21

Consist of a network of erythrocyte-filled sinuses and phagocytic cells

Answer 21

Red pulp

Question 22

Also known as aggregated lymphatic follicles. It produces macrophages. Found in lumen in the terminal end of ilium

Answer 22

Peyer’s patches

Question 23

It destroys bacteria and prevent bacteria from penetrating the walls of the small intestine

Answer 23

Macrophages

Question 24

Lymph travels from

Answer 24

Body organs to the heart

Question 25

The collecting ducts (2)

Answer 25

• left lymphatic duct (aka thoracic duct)
• right lymphatic duct - empties the lymph from the right upper area of the body to the right subclavian vein

Question 26

Inflammation of lymph nodes. If there is harmful substances that occur in such large quantities that can’t be destroyed by lymphocytes or WBCs, the nodes become inflamed

Answer 26

Lymphadenitis

Question 27

Inflammation of the tonsils. Difficulty in swallowing, severe sore throat, and accompanied by fevers and chills. Can be treated with antibiotics

Answer 27

Tonsilitis

Question 28

Swelling of the tissues due to an abnormal collection of lymph. Caused by damage of lymphatic system and prevents lymph from draining properly

Answer 28

Lymphedema

Question 29

Disease caused by Epstein-Barr virus. “Kissing disease”. Mode of transmission is through direct kissing

Answer 29

Infectious mononucleosis

Question 30

The cancer of lymphocytes. The lymphocytes change and grow out of control. It often begins in lymph nodes. Tumor of lymphatic system and is malignant. Usually begins in the enlarged mass with no associated

Answer 30

Lymphoma

Question 31

Two types of lymphoma

Answer 31

• Hodgkin’s lymphoma
• Non-hodgkin’s lymphoma

Question 32

Distinguished from other lymphoma by the presence of large cancerous lymphocytes known as the Reed-Sternberg Cells

Answer 32

Hodgkin’s lymphoma

Question 33

A parasitic disease caused by Wuchereria bancrofti or Brugia malayi. When it’s chronic it will result to Lymphedema, Elephantiasis, and Hydrocele. The adult worms live in the human lymphatic system, in the lower extremities

Answer 33

Lymphatic Filiarisis