Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ANAPHY LAB FINALS > Circulatory System > Flashcards

Circulatory System Flashcards

1
Q

It is the one responsible for oxygen-carrying. Carries oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and removes waste products

A

Circulatory system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Circulatory system is composed of: (3)

A
  • blood
  • vascular system
  • heart
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Vascular system consists of: (3)

A
  • capillaries
  • veins
  • arteries
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Functions of Circulatory system (5)

A
  • carries blood
  • exchange nutrients, waste products, and gases with tissues
  • transports substances
  • helps regulate blood pressure
  • directs blood flow to tissues
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

It is a self-regulating process in which a living organism can maintain internal stability while adjusting to changing external environment or conditions

A

Body homeostasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Plasma is how many % of blood

A

55%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Plasma consists of:

A
  • 91% water
  • 7% protein
  • 2% other solutes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Formed elements is how many % in blood

A

45%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Is characterized by a clear, extracellular matrix
Contains different proteins like albumin (most abundant), globulin, fibrinogen (necessary for blood clotting), and prothrombin

A

Plasma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Serum does not contain

A

Fibrinogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Total RBC count:

A

Female: 4.2-5.4x10¹²/L
Male: 4.5-6.2x10¹²/L

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Those having obvious granules. Polymorphic nuclei with 2 or more lobes

A

Granulocyte

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Examples of granulocyte (3)

A
  • neutrophils
  • eosinophils
  • basophils
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Those having few or no granules. But have a sorophilic granules are the Lysosomes. Nucleus is round or tinted

A

Agranulocyte

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Examples of agranulocyte (2)

A
  • lymphocytes
  • monocytes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

White blood cells that use phagocytosis to engulf bacteria, viruses, and other foreign substances to protect the body

A

Phagocyte

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Examples of phagocytes (4)

A
  • basophils
  • neutrophils
  • eosinophils
  • monocytes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Involved in or related to the immune response of the body

A

Immunocyte

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

T-Lymphocytes are from

A

Thymus gland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

B-Lymphocytes are synthesized in

A

Bone marrow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Platelet lifespan is

A

120 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Platelet count is

A

150-450x10⁹/L

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

It is exposed to the blood, the innermost layer. It has an internal elastic lamina which separates the intima from the media and composed of elastin with holes that allows diffusion of the substances to nourish cell in the blood vessel. It has simple squamous epithelium and thin subendothelial layer of loose connective tissue

A

Tunica Intima or Interna

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Consists of small amount of connective tissue and a simple squamous epithelium

A

Endothelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Has external elastic membrane that separates the media from the tunica adventitia. Middle and thickest layer. Has smooth muscle and external elastic tissues which allow blood vessel to change diameter

A

Tunica Media

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

The outermost layer of the cell. Made of strong fibrous connective tissue, or the type 1 collagen and elastic fibers that supports and protects the blood vessels.

A

Tunica Adventitia or Externa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Most common and the smallest blood vessel. It connects the arterioles with venules. The “exchange vessels”.

A

Capillaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Metabolic exchange with the blood and the surrounding tissues via diffusion to transcytosis

A

Exchange vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Most common type of capillary

A

Continuous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Capillary with small circular fenestrae through the very thin squamous epithelial cells

A

Fenestrated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Capillary that permits maximal exchange of macromolecules between tissues and blood

A

Sinusoidal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Fenestrated capillaries can be found in the (3)

A
  • kidney
  • intestine
  • endocrine glands
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

It carries oxygenated blood to all parts of the body

A

Arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Are the “conducting arteries”. It has the largest diameter and has the thickest one. It expands as blood surges into them and recoil when ventricles relax

A

Elastic arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Examples of elastic arteries (2)

A
  • aorta
  • common carotid artery
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

The “distributing arteries”. It is a medium sized, it has a small diameter. Can carry blood further away from the heart to specific areas of the body

A

Muscular arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Examples of muscular arteries (3)

A
  • brachial arteries
  • femoral arteries
  • renal arteries
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

It delivers blood to capillaries. The smallest artery.

A

Arterioles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Continuation of axillary artery which is mostly used for routine blood pressure measurement

A

Brachial artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Often used palpated to measure the pulse

A

Radial artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

There are how many locations where you can feel the pulse

A

7

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

The 7 locations where you can feel the pulse

A
  • temporal artery
  • carotid artery
  • brachial artery
  • radial artery
  • femoral artery
  • popliteal artery
  • dorsalis ventris artery
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

Supply pelvic organs including the thigh and lower extremities

A

Iliac arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

Areas susceptible for injuries that can result to hemorrhage or nerve damage and pulse can also be detected here

A

Femoral triangle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

The major arteries branching off the iliac arteries (7)

A
  • internal iliac artery
  • external iliac artery
  • femoral artery
  • popliteal artery
  • anterior tibial artery
  • posterior tibial artery
  • dorsalis pedis artery
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

Carry deoxygenated blood away from the capillaries to the heart

A

Veins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

The types of veins (3)

A
  • large veins
  • medium-sized veins
  • venules
48
Q

Collects blood from capillaries and drain into veins

A

Venules

49
Q

Walls of the veins are much thinner than _____ because they do not have to withstand high internal pressure

A

Arteries

50
Q

More superficial of the jugular vein. Drains blood from the skull, facial muscle and other superficial structures

A

External jugular vein

51
Q

It receive most of the blood from the brain as well as face. It also merges into the subclavian vein in which in turn, becomes the brachiocephalic vein

A

Internal jugular vein

52
Q

Main body’s vein and is divided into two

A

Vena cava

53
Q

Vena cava that receives blood from the head, shoulder, and arms

A

Superior vena cava

54
Q

Vena cava that receives blood from the lower part of the body

A

Inferior vena cava

55
Q

Is a frequent site for the administration of intravenous fluid

A

Cephalic vein

56
Q

Most common site for growing blood or for blood extractions

A

Median cubital vein

57
Q

Longest vein in body. Frequently harvested for use as graph in a coronary bypass surgery

A

Great saphenous

58
Q

Broadest part, at the upper right. Where great vessels enter and leave the heart

A

Base

59
Q

Pointed end, at the lower left. Point of maximum impulse, wherein the strongest and the loudest vein/beat can be felt or heard. Lies on the diaphragm

A

Apex

60
Q

The heart is located ?

A

Posteriorly between the 2nd costal cartilage and the 6th costal cartilage

61
Q

Surrounds the heart, double layer of fibrous tissue

A

Pericardium

62
Q

Pericardium that is the outermost layer. Is the loose fitting sac of strong connective tissue

A

Fibrous pericardium

63
Q

Pericardium that is divided into two layers: Parietal and visceral layer (epicardium). It covers the heart or veins

A

Serous pericardium

64
Q

Layer in the serous pericardium that lines the inside of the fibrous pericardium

A

Parietal layer

65
Q

Layer of the serous pericardium that covers the heart’s surface

A

Visceral layer/epicardium

66
Q

It contains a lubricating fluid called pericardial fluid

A

Pericardial cavity

67
Q

This fluid prevents the two layers (fibrous and serous) from rubbing against each other and creating frictions as the heart beats

A

Pericardial fluid

68
Q

Inner layer of the heart wall, consists of squamous epithelial cells and covers the heart’s chambers and blood vessels

A

Endocardium

69
Q

Middle layer of the heart wall, consists of cardiac muscle tissue. The thickest and performs the work of the heart and is capable of constant contractions and relaxations that creates the pumping necessary to maintain the flow of the blood throughout the body

A

Myocardium

70
Q

The outer layer of the heart wall and the visceral layer. Consists of a thin layer of squamous epithelial cells that covers the heart surface. Also has cellular layer

A

Epicardium

71
Q

The upper chambers

A

Right and left atrium

72
Q

Lower chambers

A

Right and left ventricles

73
Q

Located between atria and ventricles. Has two types: Tricuspid and Bicuspid (Mitral) valve

A

Atrioventricular (AV) valves

74
Q

Prevents backflow from the Right ventricle to right atrium

A

Tricuspid valve

75
Q

Prevents backflow from left ventricle to left atrium

A

Bicuspid (Mitral) valve

76
Q

It is a heart valve that is divided into two: Pulmonary and aortic valve

A

Semilunar valves

77
Q

Prevents backflow from pulmonary artery to right ventricle

A

Pulmonary valve

78
Q

Prevents backflow from aorta to left ventricle

A

Aortic valve

79
Q

Bring deoxygenated blood to the right atrium from all parts of the body

A

Superior and inferior vena cava

80
Q

Takes blood away from the right ventricle to the lungs for oxygen

A

Pulmonary artery

81
Q

Bring oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium

A

Pulmonary veins

82
Q

Takes blood away from the left ventricle to the rest of the body

A

Aorta

83
Q

Receives blood from the coronary veins and empties the blood into the right atrium

A

Coronary sinus

84
Q

System of blood vessels that carries blood from the right ventricle through the lungs and back to the left atrium. Involves right ventricle, lungs, and left atrium. Includes a network of arteries, veins, and lymphatics that functions to exchange blood to other tissues of the lungs and heart and vice versa. Our pulmonary arteries carry oxygen poor blood (or deoxygenated) from the heart to the lungs. While the blood is in the lungs, the blood diverges into the numerous pulmonary arteries wherein it releases carbon dioxide and is replenish the oxygen

A

Pulmonary circulation

85
Q

System of blood vessels that carries blood from the left ventricle through all parts of the body and back to the right atrium. Involves the left ventricle, tissues of the body, and the right atrium. Carries oxygenated (oxygen rich) blood

A

Systemic circulation

86
Q

Decreased RBC count with abnormal hemoglobin

A

Anemia

87
Q

Increased RBC count

A

Polycythemia

88
Q

Increased RBCs, WBCs, and platelets

A

Polycythemia vera

89
Q

An elevated WBC count

A

Leukocytosis

90
Q

An abnormally low WBC count

A

Leukopenia

91
Q

Cancer of the blood or bone marrow

A

Leukemia

92
Q

An elevated platelet count

A

Thrombocytosis

93
Q

An abnormally low platelet count

A

Thrombocytopenia

94
Q

The formation of blood clot in a blood vessel

A

Thrombosis

95
Q

Localized clotted mass of blood

A

Hematoma

96
Q

The ballooning out of an artery caused by a weakening of the blood vessel. Cause is the development of atherosclerosis combines with high blood pressure, total weakness of blood vessels, trauma, bacterial infections.

A

Aneurysm

97
Q

Occurs when the arterial walls thicken

A

Arteriosclerosis

98
Q

Occurs when deposits of fat form along the walls of the arteries

A

Atherosclerosis

99
Q

Swollen veins result from a slowing of blood flow back to the heart

A

Varicose veins

100
Q

Most common site for aneurysm (3)

A
  • Aorta
  • renal arteries
  • circle of arteries/circular at the base of the brain
101
Q

If aneurysm rupture

A

Massive hemorrhage will result

102
Q

The high blood pressure or “silent killer”. It requires the heart to work harder than normal. Major risk factor for heart disease, stroke, heart failure and may lead to kidney damage

A

Hypertension

103
Q

A person is considered hypertensive if the systolic blood pressure is greater than ____ and diastolic pressure is greater than _____

A

140 and 90 mmHg

104
Q

The big arterial pressure during ventricular activity contraction or systole

A

Systolic blood pressure

105
Q

Minimum arterial pressure during ventricular relaxation or diastole

A

Diastolic pressure

106
Q

Sound when taking blood pressure

A

Korotkoff sound

107
Q

When patient has hypertension, there is a high rate of developing ______ and this increases the probability of blood clot and blood cell/vessel will rupture

A

Arteriosclerosis

108
Q

Any change or deviation from the normal rate of rhythm of the heart

A

Arrhythmia

109
Q

Slow heart rate (fewer than 60 beats/min)

A

Bradycardia

110
Q

Rapid heart rate (more than 100 beats/min)

A

Tachycardia

111
Q

Indicate some defects in the valves of the heart

A

Murmurs

112
Q

Heart attack; caused by a lack of blood supply to the myocardium

A

Myocardial infarction

113
Q

Inflammation of the outer membrane covering the heart

A

Pericarditis

114
Q

Inflammation of the heart muscle

A

Myocarditis

115
Q

Inflammation of the membrane that lines the heart and covers the wall

A

Endocarditis

116
Q

A temporary heart condition brought on by stressful situations. People with this syndrome may have sudden chest pain or think they’re having a heart attack. Symptoms are chest pain and shortness of breath. It is treatable and it reverses in days or weeks

A

Broken heart syndrome/takotsubo cardiomyopathy

117
Q

Why is it called “Takotsubo cardiomyopathy”?

A

Because it refers to an apical ballooning syndrome or stress cardiomyopathy

ANAPHY LAB FINALS (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions