Lymphatic Ch 20

Question 1

Lymph organs and tissues

Answer 1

Provide structural basis of the immune system and house phagocytic cells and lynphocytes

Question 2

3 parts of the Lymohatic system

Answer 2

Lymphatic vessels
Lymph fluid
Lymph nodes

Question 3

Lymphatic vessels

Answer 3

Networks of drainage vessels that collect excess protein containing interstitial fluid and return it to the blood stream and carry absorbed fats from intestines to the blood stream.

Question 4

Lymphatic capillaries

Answer 4

Weave in and out of the blood capillaries and tissue. Blind-ended and and not tightly joined . Absent from bones teeth, marrow and the nervous system.

Question 5

Lacteals

Answer 5

Specialized lymphatic capillaries that transports absorbed fats from intestines to blood. Chyle (fatty lymph)

Question 6

Collecting lymphatic vessels

Answer 6

Same 3 tunics as veins but have thinner walls and more valves.

Question 7

Lymphatic trunks

Answer 7

Large collecting vessels which drain fairly large areas of the bodies. Major trunks include:
Paired:
Lumbar
Bronchomediastinal
Subclavian
jugular
Single:
Intestinal trunk

Question 8

2 large ducts

Answer 8

Right lymphatic duct: drains lymph from the right upper limb and right side of the head and thorax
Thoracic duct: drains lymph from the rest of the body.

Question 9

Lymphoid cells

Answer 9

Immune system cells found in lymphoid tissues and the supporting cells that for the scaffolding of these tissues.

Question 10

Lymphocytes

Answer 10

T Cells: activate immune responce and some activly attack and destroy infected cells
B Cells: Protect the body by producing plasma cells (daughter cells that secrete antibodies into the blood)

Question 11

Macrophages

Answer 11

Phagocyte foreign substances.

Question 12

Reticular cells

Answer 12

Fibroblast-like cells that produce the reticular fiber stroma which is the network that supports the cells

Question 13

Lymphoid tissue

Answer 13

Largely composed of reticular connective tissue
Diffuse lymphoid tissue: Loose arrangement of lymphoid cells and some reticular tissue
Lymphoid follicles: Solid spherical bodies consisting of tightly back B cells and reticular fibers

Question 14

Lymph nodes

Answer 14

Primary organ of lymphatic system has 2 functions:
Filtration: macrophages in the nodes destroy organisms and debris
Immune system activiation

Question 15

Node circulation

Answer 15

Afferent vessels: lymph enters the cortex

Efferent vessels: Blood exits the cortex

Question 16

Lymph Organs

Answer 16

Lymph nodes
Spleen
thymus
tonsils
Peyer's patches

Question 17

Spleen

Answer 17

Largest lymph organ
Blood cleansing functions
Stores products of RBC break down (Fe)
Stores platelets for later use
Fetal erythrocyte production

Question 18

Pulp

Answer 18

White: where immune functions take place, lymphocytes hand here
Red pulp: where worn out RBC and pathogens are destroyed

Question 19

Thymus

Answer 19

Where T cells mature
Most active during childhood
Has no follicles because it lacks T cells
Does not directly fight antigens

Question 20

MALT

Answer 20

mucosa associated lymph tissue
Peyer’s patches
Appendix
Tonsils

Question 21

Tonsils

Answer 21

Paired palatine tonsils: either side of the posterior oral cavity
Lingual tonsils: at the base of the tongue
Pharyngeal tonsils: posterior wall of nasopharynx
Tubal tonsils: surround the openings of the auditory tubes and the pharynx

Question 22

Peyer’s Patches

Answer 22

Structurally similar to the tonsils

distal portion on small intestines

Question 23

Appendix

Answer 23

Destroys bacteria before it can breach intestinal wall

Generate memory lymphocytes for long term immunity