Lymphadenopathy Flashcards

1
Q

a ‘lump’: lymphadenopathy differentials

A
  • infection (viral, bacterial)
  • metastatic cancer e.g. breast, ovarian
  • connective tissue disease (sarcoidosis); SLE
  • lymphoma
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2
Q

lymphadenopathy general symptoms and causes

A
  • night sweats: lymphoma, infection, menopause, too thick duvet
  • weight loss: lymphoma, other malignancy, infections etc
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3
Q

would viral infection cause regional or widespread lymphadenopathy

A

widespread

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4
Q

approach to lymphadenopathy - questions to ask (6 points)

A
  • is it regional or generalised?
  • tender or not?
  • hard or soft?
  • surface smooth or irregular?
  • is skin inflamed?
  • is it tethered?
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5
Q

what is a lymphoma swollen node like

A
  • surface smooth
  • mobile
  • soft
  • rubbery
  • non-tender
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6
Q

what investigation will we request if lymphoma or other malignancy is suspected in lymphadenopathy?

A

biopsy
- need a big sample, so fine needle aspirate or core biopsy is insufficient

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7
Q

can lymphoma be diagnosed by CT

A

no

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8
Q

how do we assess lymph node pathology (5 points)

A
  • histology - microscopic appearances
  • immunohistochemistry of solid node
  • immunophenotyping of blood/marrow
  • genetic analysis
  • molecular analysis
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9
Q

some lymphoma diagnoses are apparent just on histology, true or false

A

true

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10
Q

what information does immunohistochemistry provide in the investigation of lymphoma

A

confirms is a lymphoma and helps to subclassify

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11
Q

immunohistochemistry - what cells are seen in follicular B cell Non Hodgkin’s Lymphoma?

A

CD20 +ve cells

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12
Q

immunohistochemistry - what cells are seen in Hodgkin’s Disease?

A

CD30 +ve Reed Sternberg cells

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13
Q

what is the purpose of molecular analysis in the investigation of lymphoma?

A

helps to further classify lymphoma and identify subtypes suitable for specific treatment

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14
Q

which is more common, B or T cell NHL

A

B

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15
Q

T cell NHL prognosis

A

bad, hard to treat

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16
Q

hodgkins disease prognosis

A

great especially in young

17
Q

is Burkitt’s lymphoma bad

A

yeah, very aggressive, emergency treatment