Lymph Sysyem

Question 1

Function of lymphatic vessels

Answer 1

1. One-way drainage system for the return of plasma proteins, fluids, lipids (chylomicra) connective tissue macromolecules and cells to the blood stream.
2. Maintenance of fluid homeostasis for tissues and organs of the body and the spread of various diseases and cancer.

Question 2

lymph flow in the vessels

Answer 2

. Lymph Flow Path

1. It is removed from connective tissue spaces by blind-ended thin-walled lymphatic capillaries.
2. Lymph in the lymphatic capillaries, which anastomose to form vascular networks, pass through a series of lymph nodes where it is filtered and additional lymphocytes and antibodies are added.
3. Lymph ultimately joins larger lymphatic vessels that empty into the large viens at the base of the neck.

Question 3

function of the lymphatic trunk

Answer 3

1. Function: they return lymph to the systemic circulation at base of neck

Question 4

Major components of lymphatic trunk

Answer 4

2. Major components: the cisterna chyli, thoracic duct in the neck, and lumbar vessels

Question 5

diameter of lymphatic trunk

Answer 5

. Large diameter (4-6 mm)

Question 6

tunica media of lymph trunk has Several layers of smooth muscle cells with __ and __ fibers interspersed between the cells.

Answer 6

collagen and elastic

Question 7

myoendothelial junction of the lymph. trunk ?

Answer 7

• Myo-endothelial junctions provide for the transfer of signaling molecules from the endothelium to smooth muscle cells that regulate the contractility of the tunica media.

Question 8

what is in the tunica adventia of lymph trunks

Answer 8

•	Connective tissue cells and fiber 
Vasa vasorum (small blood vessels) and bundles of nerve axons.

Question 9

tunica media of collecting lymp. vessels

Answer 9

incomplete layer of smooth m

Question 10

collecting lymp. vessels are drained by __

Answer 10

lymph nodes

Question 11

lymphatic capillaries anchoring filaments ?

Answer 11

innsert of the conn. tissue of the endothelim and extend into surrounding collagen bundles for firm attachment of lymph capillaries to collagen fibers

Question 12

Primary vs secondary lymphodema

Answer 12

primary is inherted and less common secondary can come from radical surgery or cancer

Question 13

Lymphangiodysplasia syndromes:

Answer 13

Mutations in FOX C2 gene that cause impaired valve formation in veins and lymphatics

Question 14

Milroy’s Lymphedema:

Answer 14

Milroy’s Lymphedema: Mutation of the VEGFR-3 receptor gene

Question 15

lymph node capsule

Answer 15

dens collagenous tissue with fibroblast and smooth muscle

Question 16

lymph node cortex

Answer 16

dense outer :Lymph nodules and follicles
mainly B lymphocyte
deep cortex (paracortex) mostly t lymphocytes and higj endothelial venules HEV

Question 17

Lymph node medulla cords

Answer 17

lymphocytes arranged into widely spaced strands

Question 18

medulla cords contain

Answer 18

macrophages and reticular cells

Question 19

flow of lymph in the nodes

Answer 19

1. afferents lymph vessels pierce capsule
2. lymph and cells are taken to large marginal or subscapular sinus
3. transferred to medullary sinus
4. taken to hilus
5. pierce capsule of efferent lymph vesseks
6. lymph is taken away from nodes