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Massage Therapy > Lympathic & Respiration System > Flashcards

Lympathic & Respiration System Flashcards

1
Q

Anatomy of the lymphatic system

A

lymph, lymphatics (capillaries, pre-collectors, collectors, vessels, trunks, and ducts), lymph nodes, tissues and organs, bone marrow, thymus, and spleen
- lymphatic or lymphoid related tissues: these are present in GASTROINTESTINAL (GI) and RESPIRATORY TRACT MUCOSAE

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2
Q

Physiology of the lymphatic system

A

Protection f the body through defense mechanisms and transportation of fats

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3
Q

Lymph

A

the nearly COLORLESS WATERY FLUID circulating through LYMPHATICS
- only called LYMPH when it is in the LYMPH VESSELS
- in the INTERSTITIAL SPACES it is called INTERSTITIAL FLUID
- in the BLOOD VESSELS it is called BLOOD

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4
Q

Interstitial Fluid

A

located in the EXTRACELLULAR SPACES between TISSUES
- it comes from BLOOD PLASMA that is pushed out of BLOOD CAPILLARIES during FILTRATION

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5
Q

Once interstitial fluid is inside LYMPH VESSELS is then TRANSPORTED to LYMPH NODES

A

lymph flow

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6
Q

When is blood considered “interstitial fluid”?
(bonus: what is it called when inter fluid enters the lymphatic capillaries?)

A

as blood is pushed through capillaries and filtered, nutrients and oxygen get pushed out
bonus: lymph

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7
Q

Lymphatic flow: After lymph is filtered by ___ ___, it is returned to the ___, becoming ___ once again.

A

lymph nodes
blood
plasma

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8
Q

Plasma vs interstitial fluid vs lymph

A

basically the same fluid but called different names depending on where it is located

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9
Q

Five fluid compartments

A

1) blood plasma
2) interstitial fluid
3) fat tissue
4) intracellular fluid
5) transcellular fluid

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10
Q

blood plasma

A
  • about 5% of body mass
  • it is the STRAW COLORED/PALE YELLOEW liquid component of blood that normally HOLDS the BLOOD CELLS in whole blood in SUSPENSION
  • ab 55% of total blood volume
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11
Q

Interstitial (tissue) fluid

A
  • ab 16% of body mass
  • solution that BATHES and SURROUNDS the cells of multicellular animals
  • found in INTERSTITIAL SPACES, also known as the TISSUE SPACES
  • main componetn of the EXTRACELLULAR FLUID, which also includes PLASMA and TRANSCELLULAR fluid
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12
Q

hydrostatic pressure

A
  • generated by the SYSTOLIC force of the HEART
  • pushes water OUT of the CAPILLARIES
  • aka BLOOD CAPILLARY PRESSURE (BCP)
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13
Q

Osmosis

A
  • movement of water through a membrane
  • water passes from a HIGH CONCENTRATION (of water) OUTSIDE of the vessels to a LOW CONCENTRATION INSIDE of the vessels, in an attempt to reach an EQUILBRIUM
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14
Q

Osmotic pressure (hint: opposite of osmosis)

A

the attraction of WATER by PROTEINS

(more blood in capillaries than inter fluid, hence why fluid wants to move towards the caps)

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15
Q

Sometimes the removal of tissue fluid does not function correctly, and there is a BUILD UP. This can cause SWELLING, often around the FEET and ANKLES

A

edma

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16
Q

Red blood cells, platelets, and plasms proteins ___ pass though the walls of capillaries. The resulting mixture that does pass through is in essence, blood plasma ___ ___ ____ ____

A

CANNOT
w/o the plasma proteins

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17
Q

Term for superficial lymph nodes located in the groin

A

Inguinal

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18
Q

Duct that drains lymph from the right side of the head and neck, the right upper extremity, and the right half of the upper trunk

A

right lymphatic duct

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19
Q

Lymphatic tissue located in portions of the small intestine

A

Peyer patches

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20
Q

Lymphatic tissue located in the oral cavity and pharynx

A

tonsils

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21
Q

Only structure along the lymphatic chain filtering lymph

A

lymph nodes

22
Q

Movement of lymph through the body

A

lymphokines

23
Q

Lymphatic tissue attached to the cecum of the large intestine

A

vermiform appendix?

24
Q

Fluid circulating through lymphatics

A

lymph

25
Q

The duct that delivers collected lymph to the left subclavian vein

A

thoracic duct

26
Q

Largest lymphatic organ and releases stored lymphocytes when needed

A

Spleen

27
Q

Collective term for all lymphatic capillaries, vessels, trunks, and ducts along the lymphatic chain

A

Lymphatics

28
Q

Site of T-cell maturation

A

thymus

29
Q

Lymphocytes responsible for cell-mediated immunity and include CD4+ and CD8+ cells

A

t cells

30
Q

Type of defense mechanism that includes barriers, cellular responses, and inflammation

A

nonspecfic

31
Q

Failure of immune responses to protect the body from pathogens, causing increased susceptibility to infections

A

immunodeficiency

32
Q

Type of WBC that comprises approx 25% of the total WBC count

A

lymphocyte

33
Q

The body’s ability to counteract the effects of pathogens and foreign agents through defense mechanisms

A

Immunity

34
Q

Lymphatic capillary that absorbs dietary fats and fat-soluble vitamins in the small intestine

A
35
Q

Type of defense mechanism that provides immunity and involves lymphocytes

A

specific

36
Q

Organs and structures populated by lymphocytes, but do not produce them

A
37
Q

Primary lymphatic organs that produce and mature lymphocytes

A
38
Q

The body’s ability to recognize and respond to pathogens and foreign agents

A
39
Q

Protective response to tissue damage from a variety of causes and creates an environment that maximizes tissue repair

A
40
Q

Lymphocytes responsible for antibody-mediated immunity because they produce antibodies

A

b cells

41
Q

The pouch containing the testes; supports sperm production and survival by regulating their

A
42
Q

Process by which male sex

A
43
Q

Adipose Tissue

A

BODY FAT or FAT DEPOT or just FAT is loose connective tissue composed of ADIPOCYTES

44
Q

Cytosol

A

of body mass and separated into COMPARTMENTS by MEMBRANES

45
Q

Transcellular fluid

A
  • is 2% of body mass and this portion of total body water is contained within EPITHELIAL LINES spaces
  • includes CEREBROSPINAL fluid, and OCULAR fluid JOINT fluid, and bladder URINE
46
Q

Fluid Balance

A

the concept of human HOMEOSTASIS that the amount of fluid LOST from the body is EQUAL to the amount of fluid TAKEN in

47
Q

Euvolemia

A
  • the state of NORMAL body fluid volume
  • water is NECESSARY for all life on Earth. Humans can curvive for 4-6 WEEKS w/o FOOD, but for only a FEW DAYS w/o WATER
48
Q

How much water should you drink?

A
  • an individual’s THIRST provides a better guide for how much water they require
  • a normal person should urinate 4 TIMES PER DAY, and the urine should be a LIGHT YELLOW color
49
Q

Initial Lymph Vessel

A
  • lymphatic system is a COLLECTION system which starts in the TISSUE SPACE
    (aka INITIAL LYMPHATICS or LYMPH CAPILLARIES)
  • they have fenestrated OPENINGS to allow FLUID and PARTICLES to ENTER
50
Q
  • INITIal lymph collectors DO NOT have VALVES and go on to form the COLLECTOR VESSELS
  • precollectors go on to form increasingly LARGER lymphatic vessels called COLLECTORS
  • collectors then from TRUNKS
  • the trunks form DUCTS
A

–

51
Q

Where is lymph filtered?

A

lymph node

Massage Therapy (15 decks)

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