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Gorss Anatomy 2 Exam 2 > Lungs > Flashcards

Lungs Flashcards

1
Q

What are the surfaces on each lung

A

Costal
Mediastinal
Diaphragmatic

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2
Q

What boarder is the sharp thin boarder of the lung

A

Anterior

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3
Q

What is the broad rounded boarder of the lung

A

Posterior

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4
Q

Where is the hilum of the lung located?

A

on the mediastinal surface

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5
Q

What is found in the hilum of the lung

A

Main bronchi, veins and arteries

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6
Q

What structures form the root of the lung

A

Bronchi
pulmonary vessels
nerves
lymphatics

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7
Q

What is the pulmonary ligament

A

A double layered membrane that extends down from the pleura covering the hilum

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8
Q

How many brochopulmonary segments are there in the lung

A

10

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9
Q

What fissures are in the right lung

A

Oblique

Horzontal

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10
Q

What are the lobes of the right lung

A

Superior
Middle
Inferior

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11
Q

What are some unique surface features on the right lung

A

Cardiac impression
Groove for Azygos vein
Groove for the esophagus

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12
Q

What fissue does the left lung have

A

Oblique fissue

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13
Q

What are the two lobes of the left lung

A

Superior

Inferior

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14
Q

What is the lingula

A

Part of left lung thought to have been a potential third lobe

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15
Q

What is the functional unit of the lung

A

Bronchopulmonary segments

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16
Q

What does each bronchopulmonary consist of

A

Segmental bronchus
Branch of pulmonary artery
segment of lung tissue
surrounding septum

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17
Q

Can bronchopulmonary segments be removed?

A

Yes, and they can be removed without affecting function of adjacent segments

18
Q

What gives arterial blood supply and venous supply to the heart

A

Bronchial arteries

Bronchial veins

19
Q

What are the structures (in order) of the tracheobronchial tree

A 
Trachea
Main Bronchi
Lobar Bronchi
Segmental Bronchi
Broncholes
Alveoli
20
Q

What parts of the tracheobronchial tree is made of cartilagenous rings

A

Trachea
Main bronchi
Lobar bonchi

21
Q

What part of the tracheobronchial tree is made of smooth muscle

A

Segmental bronchi

Broncholes

22
Q

What part of the tracheobronchial tree is made from a permeable membrane

A

Alveoli

23
Q

Where in the tracheobronchial tree would bronchiolitis occur

A

Segmental bronchi

Broncholes

24
Q

Where in the tracheobronchial tree would pneumonia occcur

A

Alveoli

25
Q

What nerve gives parasympathetic and sensory information to the lung

A

Vagus

26
Q

What nerve gives sympathetic and sensory innvervation to the lung

A

Sympathetic trunk

27
Q

What does sympathetic activation of the lung cause

A

Bronchial dilation
Vasoconstriction
Decrease glandular secretion

28
Q

What does parasympathetic activation cause

A

Bronchial constriction
Vasodilation
Increase glandular secretion

29
Q

What are the two types of asthma

A

Extrinsic

Intrinsic

30
Q

What triggers extrinsic asthma

A

Allergens

31
Q

What triggers intrinsic asthma

A

Non-allergenic stimuli

Stress, cold, exercise

32
Q

What does asthma cause

A

Spasms of smooth muscle of segmental bronchi and bronchioles

Excessive mucus secretion

33
Q

Someone who has asthma may have a subluxation where

A

Upper Thoracic (T2-T5 where sympathetic trunk is located)

34
Q

Where does the lymphatics of the lung drain into

A

Pulmonary and bronchopulmonary nodes in hilum

35
Q

What do the pulmonary and bronchopulmonary nodes drain into

A

tracheobronchial nodes

36
Q

Why is the lung rich with lymphatics

A

Because it is in contact with the environment

37
Q

What is Bronchogenic carcinoma

A

Primary tumor of the lungs

38
Q

What node is often enlarged when bronchogenic carcinoma is present

A

Sentinal node

39
Q

What nerves may be affected due to lung cancer

A

Phrenic nerve

Recurrent laryngeal nerve

40
Q

Where may someone with bronchogenic carcinoma have refered pain

A

upper or middle thoracic cord segments

Gorss Anatomy 2 Exam 2 (12 decks)

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