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Gorss Anatomy 2 Exam 2 > Larynx > Flashcards

Larynx Flashcards

1
Q

What are the functions of the larynx

A

Prevent the passage of food into airway
Regulates the flow of air into lungs
Vocalization

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2
Q

How long is the larynx

A

3cm

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3
Q

What vertebral level can the larynx be found at

A

C3 and C6

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4
Q

What are the cartilages of the larynx

A 
Thyroid cartilage
Cricoid Cartilage
Epiglottic Cartilage
Arytenoid Cartilages
Corniculate Cartilages
Cuneiform Cartilages
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5
Q

What part of the Thyroid cartilage is known as the adams apple?

A

Laryngeal Prominence

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6
Q

What part of the thyroid cartilage articulates with the cricoid cartilage to form the cricoid joint

A

Inferior horn

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7
Q

What does the oblique line of the thyroid cartilage provide attachment for?

A

Inferior constrictor
Sternothyroid
thyrohyoid muscles

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8
Q

What part of the thyroid cartilage articulates with the greater horn of the thyroid bone?

A

Superior Horn

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9
Q

Which laryngeal cartilage is shaped like a signet ring

A

Cricoid cartilage

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10
Q

What attaches the epiglottic Cartilage to the laryngeal prominance

A

Thryoepiglottic ligament

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11
Q

Which laryngeal cartilage gives attachment to the vocal ligament and intrinsic muscles of the larynx

A

Arytenoid Cartilages

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12
Q

Which laryngeal cartilages can ossify and be mistaken as a fracture on an X-ray

A

Corniculate Cartilages

Cuneiform Cartilages

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13
Q

What are the joints of the larynx

A

Cricothyroid joint

Criocarytenoid joint

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14
Q

What does the cricothyroid joint permit

A

Rotation of the thyroid cartilage around a horizontal axis

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15
Q

What does the cricoarytenoid joint permit

A

Gliding and rotation of the arytenoid cartilage on the cricoid cartilage

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16
Q

What are the ligaments of the larynx

A 
Thyrohyoid membrane
median criocothyroid ligament
Vocal ligament
Conus Elasticus
Quadrangular membrane
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17
Q

What pierces the Thyrohyoid membrane

A

Internal laryngeal nerve

Superior laryngeal vessels

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18
Q

What does the superior margin of the quadrangular membrane form

A

Aryepiglottic ligament within aryepiglottic flod

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19
Q

What does the inferior margin of the quadrangular membrane form

A

Vestibular ligament within the vestibular fold

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20
Q

What are the two folds in the larynx

A 
vestibular folds (False Cords)
Vocal Folds (True Cords)
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21
Q

What is the function of the vestibular folds?

A

Protection - initiates coughing reflex

22
Q

What forms the bulk of the vocal fold/.

A

Vocalis muscles

23
Q

What is the space between vestibular folds

A

Rima Vestibuli

24
Q

What is the space between the vocal folds

A

Rima Glottidis

25
Q

What is the narrowest part of the laryngeal cavity

A

Rima Glottidis

26
Q

What are the three cavities of the larynx

A

Laryngeal Vestibule - Laryngeal inlet to False Cords
Laryngeal Ventricles - Between true and false cords
Infraglottic Cavity - Vocal fold to cricoid cartilage

27
Q

What part of the laryngeal ventricle contains glands that lubricate the vocal folds?

A

Laryngeal saccule

28
Q

What is the primary function of the extrinsic laryngeal muscles

A

Elevate and Depress the Larynx as a whole

29
Q

What is Partial Aphoria

A

Horssness in voice

30
Q

What are the causes of Partial Aphoria

A

Depletion of lubricant in laryngeal saccule

inflammation of vocal folds (Laryngitis)

31
Q

What are the Elevators of the Larynx

A 
Thyrohyoid
Stylohyoid
Mylohyoid
Digastric
Stylopharyngeus
Palatopharyngeus
32
Q

What are the Depressors of the Larynx

A

Omohyoid
Sternohyoid
Sternothyroid

33
Q

What are the intrinsic muscles of the Larynx

A 
Cricothyroid
Posterior Cricoarytenoid
Lateral Cricoartyenoid 
Transverse Arytenoid
Oblique Artenoid
Aryepiglottic
Thyroepiglottic
Thyroarytenoid
Vocalis
34
Q

Which intrinsic laryngeal muscle is not innervated by the recurrent laryngeal nerve? What innervates it?

A

Cricothyroid

External laryngeal nerve

35
Q

What is the function of the Cricothyroid

A

Increase pitch

36
Q

What is the largest intrinsic laryngeal muscle

A

Posterior Cruciartyenoid Muscle

37
Q

What muscle allows us to open up out throat when we breath deeply

A

Posterior Cruciartyenoid muscle

38
Q

What muscle allows us to whisper?

A

Lateral cricoarytenoid muscle

39
Q

What two muscles are responsible for closing the Rima Glotiddis when we cough/sneeze

A

Transverse arytenoid muscle

Oblique arytenoid muscle

40
Q

What muscle is a continuation of the oblique arytenoid and closes the laryngeal inlet when swallowing

A

Aryepiglottic muscle

41
Q

What muscle deepens pitch

A

Thyroarytenoid muscle

42
Q

What muscle is involved fine tuning of vocal cords

A

Vocalis muscles

43
Q

What is phonation

A

speaking

44
Q

Why do males have a lower voice

A

Length of vocal cords
Size of resonating chamber
Thickness of cords

45
Q

What hormone causes vocal cords the thicken

A

Androgen

46
Q

What nerves innervate the larynx

A

Recurrent Laryngeal nerve
Internal laryngeal nerve
External laryngeal nerve

47
Q

What nerve provides sensory supply to the mucosa below the vocal folds and motor to most laryngeal muscles

A

Recurrent laryngeal nerve

48
Q

What nerve provides sensory supply to the mucosa above the vocal folds

A

Internal laryngeal nerve

49
Q

What nerve gives motor supply to the cricothyroid and interior constrictor muscles

A

External laryngeal nerve

50
Q

What arteries give blood supply to the laynx

A

Superior laryngeal artery

Inferior laryngeal artery

Gorss Anatomy 2 Exam 2 (12 decks)

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