Lung Sounds!

Question 1

What are normal breath sounds classified as?

Answer 1

tracheal
bronchial
bronchovesicular
vesicular sounds

Question 2

What are breath sounds described by? (5)

Answer 2

Location
Duration
Intenstity
Pitch
Timing

Question 3

Sounds ______ as they go through smaller airways.

Answer 3

DIMINISH

Question 4

What does a tracheal sound sound like?

Answer 4

harsh like air through a pipe

Question 5

What does a bronchial sound sound like?

Answer 5

loud and high pitched

Question 6

What does a bronchcovesicular sound sound like?

Answer 6

softer than bronchial sounds, equal during expiration and inspiration

Question 7

What does a vesicular sound like?

Answer 7

soft, blowing or rustling sounds

Question 8

What would cause DIMINISHED air flow?

Answer 8

Obstruction
Edema
Mucous
Cold
Smoking

Question 9

What would cause ASBENT air flow?

Answer 9

Apnea
Collapse lung
Pneumothorax
Severe bronchoconstriction
Complete obstruction

Question 10

What would causes differences in air flow from right to left?

Answer 10

Flail chest
Intubation pushed too far
Pneumonia
Tumors
Cancer

Question 11

What are adventitious lung sounds?

Answer 11

Something abnormal

Question 12

What do crackles sound like? and what is happening in the lungs?

Answer 12

light cracking, popping sounds produced by air passing through MOISTURE

Question 13

What is a treatment for crackle sounds?

Answer 13

NITRO!

Question 14

What do wheezes sound like and what is happening in the lungs during it?

Answer 14

Higher pitched musical sounds produced when air moves through smaller partially obstructed airways

Question 15

What are some examples of how a patient would present with wheezes?

Answer 15

asthma, partial obstruction, bronchospasm

Question 16

What is a treatment we give for wheezes?

Answer 16

VENTOLIN

Question 17

What does stridor sound like?

Answer 17

HIGH pitched inspiratory sound from partial obstruction in the larynx or trachea

Question 18

Who presents with stridor?

Answer 18

kids with croup

Question 19

What does a pleural friction rub sound like?

Answer 19

Squeaking or grating sounds of the pleural linings rubbing together when the linings are inflamed and lose their lubrication

Question 20

“Airway of consolidation in the left lower lobe” What does this mean?

Answer 20

area of infection in the lung
infectious pus causing collapse of the alveoli

Question 21

What is airway of effusion?

Answer 21

fluid in the pleural space causing a decrease in functioning lung tissue

Question 22

What is VENTILATION?

Answer 22

process of air movement in and out of the lungs

Question 23

What does ventilation require?

Answer 23

neurological control for inflation
contact- brain stem to the muscles
function diaphragm and intercostal muscles
patent and functional airway and alveoli

Question 24

What are a few ventilation problems that can occur?

Answer 24

airway obstructions
chest wall impairment
neurological control impairment

Question 25

How do we treat a ventilation problem??

Answer 25

Patent and unobstructed airway maintained OPA/NPA/King LT/ ETT assist ventilation BVM

Question 26

What is diffusion?

Answer 26

the process of gas exchange between the capillaries and the alveoli

Question 27

What does diffusion require?

Answer 27

alveolar and capillary walls that are permeable to respiratory gasses interstitial spaces not enlarged or filed with fluid surface area of sufficient size present of the gasses

Question 28

What problems could happen during diffussion?

Answer 28

Inadequate oxygen concentrations (CO poisoning) Alveolar pathologies (smoke inhalation) Interstitial space pathologies (pulmonary edema) Capillary bed pathologies (severe atherosclerosis)

Question 29

How do we treat diffusion problems?

Answer 29

Increase O2 concentration Reduce inflammation Remove fluid in the interstitial spaces: CPAP, BVM

Question 30

What is perfusion?

Answer 30

circulation of blood through the pulomary capillary bed

Question 31

What does perfusion require?

Answer 31

Adequate blood volume and hemoglobin Functioning pulmonary capillaries and left ventricle

Question 32

What problems can occur during perfusion?

Answer 32

Impaired blood flow (shock states) Capillary bed pathologies

Question 33

How do we treat poor perfusion?

Answer 33

Ensuring adequate circulating volumes of fluid Raise hemoglobin levels Optimizing left ventricular function (ACP- dopamine)

Question 34

What does it mean when V/Q is equal?

Answer 34

There is just enough O2 to fully saturate the blood

Question 35

An area with perfusion but NO ventilation is called.....

Answer 35

A SHUNT. LOW V/Q !!!!!!

Question 36

An area with ventilation but NO perfusion is called.......

Answer 36

DEADSPACE. HIGH V/Q!!!

Question 37

What is a normal V/Q number approx?

Answer 37

0.8!!

Question 38

What is the most important factor when determining how well oxygen binds to HB?

Answer 38

PO2!!

Question 39

What does a normal V/Q mean??

Answer 39

alveoli are perfused and ventilated

Question 40

A E I O U T I P S ?? What does it stand for?

Answer 40

Alcohol Endocrine Insulin Overdose Uremia Tips Infection Psychiatric Shock

Question 41

What do we use PNEUMONIC AIEOU TIPS??

Answer 41

To create a differential diagnosis!