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Respiratory > Lung Cancer > Flashcards

Lung Cancer Flashcards

1
Q

General names for different cancers are…

A 
Carcinoma= organs
Sarcoma= connective tissue & bones
Melanoma=Skin
Lymphoma= lymph nodes and infection fighting centres
Leukaemia=blood
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2
Q

Cancer can be subdivided into 3 types which are…

A 
1y Benign 
1y Malignant (local invasion- pre metastatic)
2y (metastatic)
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3
Q

True/False:

Bronchial carcinoma is the 4th biggest killer in the UK

A

False

3rd

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4
Q

What are the 2 biggest subgroups of bronchial carcinomas…

A

Small Cell & Non Small Cell Carcinoma

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5
Q

What cancers does Non Small Cell carcinoma include?

A

adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, large cell carcinoma, large cell neuroendocrine

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6
Q

Where does metastasised 2y lung cancer to lung usually stem from?

A

Mediastinal glands

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7
Q

What is bronchial carcinoma?

A

Neoplasms in the lung

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8
Q

True/False:

Benign tumour often caused by smoking

A

False:

MALIGNANT tumour often caused by smoking

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9
Q

Pathophysiology of bronchial carcinoma…

A

Toxins inhaled in smoke cause mutations to cells and DNA resulting in cancer

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10
Q

Main aetiology of bronchial carcinoma…

A

Environmental: smoking, radon exposure, asbestos (mesothelioma)
Host factors: genetic, HIV, pre-existing lung disease

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11
Q

Presenting symptoms of 1y tumour…

A

3 week cough, haemoptysis, wt loss, finger clubbing, bloated face, dull percussion, HPOA, lethargy, recurrent infections, hypercalcaemia, thrombophlebitis
Malignant: Chest pain, hoarse voice, stridor, SOB, pleural effusion

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12
Q

Where can local invasion of 1y bronchial carcinoma occur?

A

laryngeal nerve, pericardium, oesophagus, sup VC

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13
Q

BC Ix…

A
  • Imaging: CXR, CT, PET, Bronchoscopy & Endobronchial USS
  • FBC, spirometry, immunohistochemical staining
  • Exam
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14
Q

BC Tx…

A

surgery, radio therapy, chemo therapy, palliative, molecular pathology

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15
Q

Tx for NSCLC…

A

surgery (pneumonectomy/lobectomy), radio

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16
Q

Tx for SCLC…

A

chemo; laser therapy, endobronchial irradiation, tracheobronchial stents (symptomatic relief)

17
Q

True/False:

Ionising radiation is better than SABR for malignancy/mets?

A

False:

SABR better as covers wider area and less intense beams meaning less healthy tissue is damaged

18
Q

What is the difference between radical and palliative cancer treatment?

A 
Radical= objective is to eliminate cancer 
Palliative= delaying tactic
19
Q

True/False…

Mesothelioma is a type of lung cancer

A

False:

it is cancer of the lining of the lungs so is not an example of bronchial carcinoma

Respiratory (19 decks)

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