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Biomechanics > Lumbopelvic > Flashcards

Lumbopelvic Flashcards

1
Q

line of gravity

A
  • mastoid
  • anterior to S2
  • posterior to hip joint
  • anterior to knee and ankle
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2
Q

lumbar vertebrae facet joint orientation

A

sagittal plane to permit flexion/ extension

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3
Q

lumbar vertebrae osteology

A

5

spinous process extend posteriorly

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4
Q

sacral vertebrae osteology

A

5

spinous process extend posteriorly

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5
Q

sacral transverse process and facet joint orientation

A

none

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6
Q

Ferguson’s angle

A

angle between the horizontal plane and superior surface of the base of the sacrm

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7
Q

What does an increase in ferguson angle result in?

A

increase in the anterior shear force (due to body weight)

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8
Q

spondylosis

A

age-related degenerative changes that occur in the spine

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9
Q

spondylolysis

A

defect of portion of vertebrae between superior and inferior articular process (pars interarticularis)

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10
Q

spondylolisthesis

A

anterior slippage of one vertebral body on another

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11
Q

protrusion

A

displaced NP within AF, may put pressure on SC

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12
Q

prolapse

A

displaced NP on posterior edge of disc but within AF

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13
Q

Extrusion

A

AF rupture,NP escapes to epidural space

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14
Q

Sequestration

A

NP and fragments of AF become lodges within epidural space

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15
Q

Flexion Arthrokinematics

A

superior and anterior sliding of the inferior facet on the superior facet

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16
Q

Extension Arthrokinematics

A

inferior and posterior sliding of the inferior facet on the superior facet

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17
Q

Lateral Flexion Arthrokinematics

A

ipsilateral: inferior slide

contralateral side: superior slide

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18
Q

Rotation Arthrokinematics

A

ipsilateral: facet separation
Contralateral: facet approximation

19
Q

side bending and rotation of facet occurs in opposite directions when….

A

performed from neutral position

20
Q

side bending and rotation of facet occurs in the same direction when…

A

performed from flexed or extended position

21
Q

Lumbopelvic rhythm

A

coordination of movement between lumbar spine and hip to complete sagittal flexion and extension in standing w/ knees locked

22
Q

Lumbopelvic rhythm - flexion

A

lumbar flexion 40-70 degrees

anterior pelvic rotation

hip flexion - 70 degrees

23
Q

Lumbopelvic rhythm - extension

A

initially driven by hip extension, posterior pelvic rotation and lumbar spine extension

24
Q

What motions should be noted during lumbar sagital motion

A

out of phase movement
aberrant movement
reversal of lumbopelvic rhythm

25
Q

lumbar contribution is small and large in what populations?

A

small - patients with LBP, edelery & females

large - greater external load and back muscle fatigue

26
Q

nutation

how does the pelvis move?

A

relative anterior tilt of the top of sacrum on illium

  • anterior sacral on iliac rotation
  • posterior ilium on sacral rotation
27
Q

counternutation

A

posterior tilt of the top of sacrum on illium

  • posterior sacral on iliac rotation
  • anterior ilium on sacral rotation
28
Q

sacroiliac joint

A

stable load transfer between axial skeleton and lower limbs

29
Q

How does SIJ contribute to stress relief within the pelvic ring?

A
  • dissipates intrapelvic torsion during gate

- modified movement during delivery

30
Q

Form Closure

A

passive stabilization of SIJ by interlocking ridges & grooves on the joint surfaces and ligamentous stabilization

31
Q

Force Closure

A

active stabilization provided by isolated contraction of skeletal muscle groups

32
Q

treatment for pelvic girdle pain

A
  1. thigh thrust
  2. distraction test
  3. compression test
  4. sacral thrust
  5. Ganslens test
33
Q

common impairments of pelvic floor

A

hypo or hypertonicity , volitional control and pain

34
Q

Latissimus dorsi

A
  1. Ext, ADD & IR

2. B: trunk extension & U : lateral flexion

35
Q

transversospinal

A

stabilization components - may function as organs of proprioception

36
Q

External Obliques

A

Flexion , posterior pelvic tilt
B: lateral flexion & contralateral rotation
U: ipsilateral rotation

37
Q

Internal Oblique

A

Flexion, posterior pelvic tilt, increase TLF tension
B: lateral flexion
U: ipsilateral rotation

38
Q

Transversus abdominis

A

compression of abdominal cavity and tension on TLF

39
Q

Rectus Abdominis

A

Trunk flexion, compression of abdominal cavity

40
Q

illiopsoas

A

hip flexion & initiates flexion of trunk with fixed thigh
- decreases lumbar lordosis

41
Q

Quadratus lumorum

A

b: extension of l/s
u: lateral flexion of lumbar spine and pelvic hiking

42
Q

Gower’s sign

A

reversal of lumbopelvic rhythm during flexion and/or extension of the lumbar spine in standing

43
Q

Lifting technique

A
  • keep external load close to the body
  • avoid extreme flexion/extension
  • utilize hip and knee
  • avoid twisting
  • minimize vertical and horizontal distance the load must be lifted
  • wide BOS
44
Q

Core control is an element of

A
  • neuromuscular control during upright posture
  • component of optimal ventilation
  • conservative management for spine and LE conditions

Biomechanics (7 decks)

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