Lumbar Spine Flashcards
Lumbar lordosis degree
45•
Rotation in the lumbar spine is
Minimal
Lumbarization
The S1 segment may be mobile and results in a 6th lumbar vertebra
Sacralization
The L5 segment may be fused to the sacrum or ilium, results in 4 mobile lumbar vertebrae
⭐️The intervertebral discs make up approximately _____ of the total length of the vertebral column⭐️
20% to 25%
⭐️The L5- S1 segment is the most common site of⭐️
Problems in the vertebral column because this level bears more weight than any other vertebral level
The Center of gravity directly passes through this vertebra
True
Centralization
Pain moves to one area
Peripheralization
Pain moves across a greater area
Many people with back pain are unable to maintain a
Neutral pelvis position
Gait
Find out whether the problem is in the limb or whether the gait is altered to relieve symptoms elsewhere
⭐️normally ASISs are slightly lower than⭐️
PSISs
Weak gluteal muscles result in
Increased activity in the hamstrings and erector spinae as compensation to assist hip extension
The following structures should be palpated anteriorly
Umbilicus
Inguinal area
Iliac crest
Pubic symphysis
The following structures should be palpated posteriorly
SP’s of lumbar spine
Sacrum, sacral hiatus, and coccyx
Iliac crest, ischial tuberosity, and sciatic nerve
Active quadrant test (functional test)
Right hand reaches for left knee (anteriorly)
Left hand reaches for right knee (anteriorly)
Right hand reaches for right leg (posteriorly)
Left hand reaches for left leg (posteriorly)
Flexion degree
40•-60•
Extension degree
20•-35•
Rotation degree
3•-18•
Lateral flexion degree
15•-20•
How many movements during AROM
6
Flexion end feel
Tissue stretch
Extension end feel
Tissue stretch
Lateral flexion end feel
Tissue stretch
Rotation end feel
Tissue stretch
How many movements during PROM
6
Resting position of lumbar spine
Midway between flexion and extension
RROM movements
Flexion
Extension
Lateral flexion
Rotation
How many movements during RROM
6
Closed pack position for lumbar spine
Full extension
Costovertebral joints
Synovial plane joints located between the ribs and the vertebral bodies
Costotransverse joints
Synovial joints found between the ribs and TP’s of the vertebra of the same level for ribs 1-10
Costochondral joints
Lie between the ribs and the costal cartilage
Sternocostal joints
Found between the costal cartilage and the sternum
⭐️eccentric muscle contraction is stronger than⭐️
Concentric muscle contraction (up to 40%)
