Ankle And Foot Flashcards
Two principle functions
Propulsion and support
Movements in the talocrural joint
Dorsiflexion and plantar flexion
Subtalar joint movements
Eversion and inversion
Pes cavus
High arched foot are more likely to need need a cushioning shoe
Pes planus
Flat arched foot are more likely to need a control shoe
Shoes affect a persons foot
True
Supination of the foot involves
Inversion
Adduction
Plantar flexion
Pronation of the foot involves
Eversion
Abduction
Dorsiflexion
The Achilles tendon on each side should be compared. If a tendon appears to curve out, it may indicate a fallen media longitudinal arch. Resulting in
Pes planus (flat foot condition)
Excessive lateral rotation of the hip
Elevates the medial longitudinal arch of the foot
Excessive medial rotation of the hip
Tends to flatten the arch
When standing 50% - 60% of the weight
Taken in the heel
When standing 40% - 50% is taken
By the metatarsal heads
Asymmetrical or excessive lateral rotation of the foot may be due to
Acetabular retroversion femoral retroversion or femoral head neck abnormalities
Foot load walking
1.2 times the body weight
Foot load running
2 times the body weight
Foot load jumping
5 times the body weight
Functional asymmetry
Asymmetry is present in standing but disappears on neutral
Anatomical or structural asymmetry
Asymmetry is present in both standing and neutral
Pes rectus
Normal arch
As long as the foot does these things during gait it is usually
Functionally normal regardless of arch height
Least to most load on the ankle/foot
Squatting
Standing on toes
Squatting and bouncing at the end of a squat
Standing on one foot at a time
Standing on toes one foot at a time
Going up and down stairs
Walking on toes
Running straight ahead
Running, twisting, and cutting
Jumping
Jumping and going into full squat
Descending stairs
Full dorsiflexion 20•
Walking
Dorsiflexion 10•; Plantar flexion (20• - 25•)
