Cervical Spine Flashcards
The cervicoencephalic
Upper cervical spine
(C0-C2)
The cervicobrachial
Lower cervical spine
(C2-C7)
Atlanto occipital joints degree of movements
Flexion-extension 15•-20• (principal motion)
Lateral flexion 10•
⭐️The atlanto axial joint is the⭐️
Most mobile articulation of the spine
Atlanto axial joint degrees
Lateral rotation 50• (principal motion)
Flexion-extension 10•
Lateral flexion 5•
The intervertebral discs make up ___ of the height of the cervical spine
25%
No disc found between
C0-C1 and C1-C2
⭐️Cervical lordosis degree⭐️
30•-40•
⭐️if the cervical spine is injured, the head tends to be⭐️
Tilted and rotated away from the pain and the face is tilted upward
⭐️if the patient is ____ the head tends to be tilted and rotated ______⭐️
Hysterical
Toward the pain and the face is tilted down
When looking at the patient from an anterior view the chin should be
In line with the sternum
When looking at the patient from a lateral view the ears should be
In line with the shoulder and the forehead vertical
⭐️Usually the palpation is preformed with the patient in⭐️
Supine so that maximum relaxation of the neck muscles is possible
The following structures should be palpated in the anterior region
Hyoid bone, thyroid cartilage and first cricoid ring
Paranasal sinuses
First 3 ribs
Supraclavicular fossa
The following structures should be palpated in the lateral region
TP’s of cervical vertebrae
Lymph nodes and carotid arteries
Temporomandibular joints, mandible, and parotid glands
The following structures should be palpated in the posterior region
External occipital protuberance
SP’s and facet joints of cervical vertebrae
Mastoid process
Supine: Lift head keeping chin tucked in (neck flexion)
6-8 reps: F
3-5 reps: FF
1-2 reps: FP
0 reps: NF
Prone: lift head backward (neck extension)
Hold 20-25 s: F
Hold 10-19 s: FF
Hold 1-9 s: FP
Hold 0 s: NF
Side lying, pillow under head so head is not flexed: lift head sideways away from pillow (neck side flexion)
Hold 20-25 s: F
Hold 10-19 s: FF
Hold 1-9 s: FP
Hold 0 s: NF
Supine: lift head off bed and rotated to one side keeping head off bed or pillow (neck rotation)
Hold 20-25 s: F
Hold 10-19 s: FF
Hold 1-9 s: FP
Hold 0 s: NF
Sitting: 4 corners inferior (neck flexion and lateral rotation)
5-6 reps: F
3-4 reps: FF
1-2 reps: FP
0 reps: NF
Sitting: 4 corners superior (neck extension and lateral rotation)
5-6 reps: F
3-4 reps: FF
1-2 reps: FP
0 reps: NF
Female patients tend to have a greater ROM than males except in
Flexion
The range available decreases with age, except
Rotation at C1-C2 which may increase
Nodding occurs in the ___ cervical spine whereas flexion occurs in the ___ cervical spine
Upper
Lower
Flexion degree
80•-90•
Extension degree
70•
Rotation degree
70•-90•
Lateral flexion degree
20•-45•
How many movements during AROM
6
⭐️For flexion ROM is normally found when chin is able to reach chest, however, how many finger widths between chin and chest is still considered normal⭐️
2
Extension
No anatomical block to stop movement, problems result from whiplash or cervical strain
Lateral flexion
Ear moves toward shoulder not shoulder towards ear
⭐️Rotation and lateral flexion always⭐️
Occur together but not necessarily in the same direction
PROM is best done in
Supine
Flexion end feel
Tissue stretch
Extension end feel
Tissue stretch
Lateral flexion end feel
Tissue stretch
Rotation end feel
Tissue stretch
How many movements during PROM
6
How many movements during RROM
6
Resting position for cervical spine
Midway between flexion and extension
Closed packed position for cervical spine
Full extension
Alarligament
Limits flexion and rotation of C spine and Stabilizes alanto axial joint in rotation
