LS9 - Beck's Cognitive Triad & Ellis's ABC Model

Question 1

Beck

Answer 1

Proposed people become more depression due to negative outlook and negative schemas that dominate their thinking.

Question 2

Negative Schemas

Answer 2

Develop in childhood where parents have been overly critical leading to a negative framework for adulthood.

Question 3

The Cognitive Triad

Answer 3

Negative Thoughts About Self
Negative Thoughts About The World
Negative Thoughts About The Future

Question 4

Negative Thoughts About Self

Answer 4

These thoughts could lead to worthlessness and helplessness, people will criticise themselves at every opportunity.

Question 5

Negative Thoughts About The World

Answer 5

Negative thoughts extended to the wider world, on a larger scale, statements become more global and negative.

Question 6

Negative Thoughts About Future

Answer 6

Thinking negatively about the future is bleak and negative - possibly causing low self esteem and depression about the future, this can lead to suicidal thoughts stemming from negative thinking.

Question 7

Cognitive Triad Strengths

Answer 7

Influential With Psychology
Behavioural Approach
Terry (2000)

Question 8

Cognitive Triad Weaknesses

Answer 8

Cause And Affect
Conflicts Behavioural Approach
Symptoms Of Depression

Question 9

Influential With Psychology (+)

Answer 9

It’s helped psychological research develop - it’s based on objective research - negative thoughts are coming against patients who have depression.

Question 10

Behavioural Approach (+)

Answer 10

It can be combined with the behavioural approach, looking at both cognitive and behavioural aspects as the causes of depression.

Question 11

Pregnant Women Study (+)

Answer 11

Terry - Assessed 65 pregnant women for cognitive vulnerability/depression, those who had a high cognitive vulnerability were more likely to suffer post natal depression - supporting Beck.

Question 12

Cause And Effect (-)

Answer 12

It’s unclear whether negative schemas came first or depression.

Question 13

Conlficts Behavioural Approach (-)

Answer 13

It disregards learning and the environment.

Question 14

Symptoms Of Depression (-)

Answer 14

It fails to explain how some symptoms of depression might develop.

Question 15

ABC Model

Answer 15

Activating Event
Beliefs
Consequences

Question 16

Activating Event

Answer 16

Patients record events leading to negative thinking, the event has a negative effect on their mood/outlook e.g. exam failure.

Question 17

Beliefs

Answer 17

Patients record their thoughts associated with the event e.g. stupid for failing the exam.

Question 18

Consequences

Answer 18

Patients record the emotional response to their beliefs.

Question 19

.

Answer 19

.

Question 20

ABC Model Strengths

Answer 20

Statements Study
Scientific Evidence
Supporting Evidence

Question 21

ABC Model Weaknesses

Answer 21

Cause and Effect
Blames Patients For Depression
Conflicts Biological Approach

Question 22

Statements Study (+)

Answer 22

Bates - Discovered depressed participants given negative thought statements become more depressed.

Question 23

Scientific Evidence (+)

Answer 23

It’s based on scientific evidence providing a greater understanding

Question 24

Supporting Evidence (+)

Answer 24

People with depression in adulthood tended to experience insecure attachments in childhood which is a form of negative thinking.

Question 25

Blames Patients For Depression (-)

Answer 25

It blames the patient for depression, giving them some power to improve the symptoms which overlooks situational factors e.g. death.

Question 26

Conflicts Biological Approach (-)

Answer 26

Biological approach suggests that genes and neurotransmitters may cause depression, Zhang (2005) found that there’s ag one related to depression making it 10 times more likely for someone to develop it, stating biological factors are more likely to cause depression the cognitive factors.