LRTI

Question 1

جدول الاورقانزم

Question 2

4m-4y

Answer 2

GAS ; mycoplasma pneumonia

Question 3

Hospitalizatin

Answer 3

• Children and infants with suspected or
documented CAP caused by a pathogen with
increased virulence, such as community-
associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus
aureus (CA-MRSA) should be hospitalized. • Infants less than 3–6 months of age with
suspected bacterial CAP are likely to benefit from
hospitalization.

Question 4

Tachypnea

Answer 4

0-2 :> 60 RR
2-12m : > 50
1-5 ys : > 40
> 5ys : > 20

Question 5

Blood cultures

Answer 5

Blood cultures should not be routinely
performed in nontoxic, fully immunized
children with CAP managed in the outpatient
setting.
• Blood cultures should be obtained in children
who fail to demonstrate clinical improvement
and in those who have progressive symptoms
or clinical deterioration after initiation of
antibiotic therapy

Question 6

• What Is the Appropriate Duration of

Antimicrobial Therap for CAP?

Answer 6

• Treatment courses of 10 days have been best
studied, although shorter courses may be just as
effective, particularly for more mild disease
managed on an outpatient basis. • Infections caused by certain pathogens, notably
CA-MRSA, may require longer treatment than
those caused by S. pneumoniae.

—complicated pneumonia 4-6 ws

Question 7

Before discharge

Answer 7

Patients are eligible for discharge when they have • documented overall clinical improvement,
including level of activity, appetite, sleep, and decreased
fever for at least 12–24 hours.
• Demonstrate consistent pulse oximetry
measurements 90% in room air for at least 12–24
hours.
• Patients are eligible for discharge only if they
demonstrate stable and/or baseline mental status

Question 8

viral bronchiolitis

Answer 8

Acute viral bronchiolitis is a clinically
diagnosed condition characterized by a
wheezing illness associated with an upper
respiratory tract infection (URTI )

AAp : A constellation of clinical symptoms and
signs including a viral upper respiratory
prodrome followed by increased respiratory
effort and wheezing in children less than two
years of age ”

Question 9

Mc of bronchlitis

Answer 9

1RSV

- human metapneumo virs

Question 10

bronchiolitis

Answer 10

Assess the hydration and feeding status of a
child with bronchiolitis

Infant can be contagious up to 4 ws

Question 11

indications for ICU admission for broncholitis

Answer 11

The following are indications for ICU admission: • failure to maintain an oxygen saturation of >90%
on an inspired oxygen concentration of >70% (i.e.
on a polymask), or if the arterial partial pressure
of oxygen to fractional inspired oxygen
(PaO2/FiO2) ratio is <100 (normal 350) if arterial
blood gas measurements are available • apnoea • hypercarbia with resulting acidaemia (pH <7.25) • exhaustion.

Question 12

Risk factors for apnea events: #broncheolitis

Answer 12

Risk factors for apnea events: • Age younger than 1 month for full-term neonates • Postconceptional age younger than 48 weeks for
preterm infants • Caretaker report of previous apnea at presentation • Low birth weight (less than 2.3 kg)

Question 13

Brocheolitis CXR

Answer 13

No need cXR
Chest radiography reveals hyperinflated lungs
with patchy atelectasis.

The white blood cell and differential counts
are usually normal.

Question 14

bronchiolitis Tt

Answer 14

Fluid and Hydration Therapy • Supplemental Oxygen

Question 15

RSv prevent

Answer 15

Palivizumab: a review of its use as prophylaxis for serious respiratory syncytial virus infection in high risk children