LP #99 Defence Mechanisms

Question 1

• diffuse & fxnal collection of organs & lymphoid tissue

* very sensitive to changes in the environment, including effects of stress & emotions

Answer 1

The immune system

Question 2

*Loose reticular CT w/macrophages & lymphocytes

Answer 2

Lymphoid tissue

Question 3

*Discrete & encapsulated

Answer 3

Lymphoid organs

Question 4

Lymphoid organs? (6 types)

Answer 4

• Thymus
• Lymph nodes
• Tonsils
• Spleen
• Peyer’s patches
• MALT

Question 5

*Site of T-lymphocyte maturation?

Answer 5

Thymus

Question 6

*Engage in lymphocytic & phagocytic activity?

Answer 6

Lymph nodes

Question 7

*Trap & destroy harmful bacteria?

Answer 7

Tonsils

Question 8

• cleanses blood: removes old RBCs, platelets, bacteria, toxins & cellular debris
• storage (Fe & thrombocytes)
• immune surveillance & response

Answer 8

Spleen

Question 9

• Aggregates of lymphoid nodules
• In the GI tract
• Destroy harmful bacteria

Answer 9

Peyyer’s patches

Question 10

• Mucosa associated lymphoid tissue
• In respiratory & digestive tracts
• Destroys invading bacteria & viruses

Answer 10

MALT

Question 11

Lymph nodes:

• Structurally= _________
• Functionally=_________

Answer 11

• Lymphatic system

* Immune system

Question 12

Lymph nodes:

• macrophages allow for ________ ________
• Lymphocytes allow for ________ ________

Answer 12

• Innate response

* Adaptive response

Question 13

• encapsulated
• compartmentalized by CT
• Inner core: reticular tissue w/macrophages & lymphocytes
• # of afferent vessels > # of efferent vessels
• located at drainage jxns

Answer 13

Lymph nodes

Question 14

Immunity: adaptive defences

*3 important features

Answer 14

• Ability to distinguish self from non-self
• Specificity (Ag-specific)
• Memory

Question 15

• body substances do not normally elicit an immune response

* this stems from the immune system’s ability o recognize proteins found on external surfaces of the body’s cells

Answer 15

Ability to distinguish self from non-self

Question 16

*Immune cells respond to the presence of given antigens by producing specific antibodies against these antigens

Answer 16

Specificity (Ag- Specific)

Question 17

*Sensitized lymphocytes retain memory of an Ag for many years father initial exposure to the Ag

Answer 17

Memory

Question 18

Where are lymphocytes produced?

Answer 18

Red bone marrow

Question 19

• Ability to initiate an immune response & carry it to completion
• Process of lymphocyte maturation; lymphocytes are immunocompetent cells

Answer 19

Immunocompetency

Question 20

• Genes determine type & specificity of receptor
• 20-30% of total circulating WBCs
• circulate in blood
• have specific receptors to a specific Ag

Answer 20

Lymphocytes

Question 21

2 lymphocytes populations?

Answer 21

• B-cells

* T-cells

Question 22

• 10-20% of lymphocytes
• Humoral immunity
• Mature in bone marrow

Answer 22

B-cells

Question 23

• 60-70% of lymphocytes
• Responsible for cell-mediated (cellular immunity)
• Mature in thymus gland

Answer 23

T-cells

Question 24

Both B-lymphocytes & T-lymphocytes:

Answer 24

• Distinct fxns
• Different surface markers
• Mediate specific immune responses

Question 25

Blood types?

Answer 25

A, B, AB, O

Question 26

Type A blood can give blood to

Answer 26

A, O

Question 27

Type B can give blood to

Answer 27

B, O

Question 28

Type AB can give blood to

Answer 28

(Universal recipient)

AB, A, B, O

Question 29

Type O blood can give blood to

Answer 29

Only O
(Universal donor)

Question 30

Rhesus (Rh)?

Answer 30

Type of protein found on red blood cells (blood group antigen)

Question 31

Ppl with Rh factor protein present on their RBCs are considered to be?

Answer 31

Rh-positive

Question 32

Ppl with no Rh factor protein present on their RBCs are considered to be?

Answer 32

Rh-negative