Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pharm Test 3 > Lower Respiratory > Flashcards

Lower Respiratory Flashcards

0
Q

How is lower respiratory illnesses defined

A

Obstruction of airflow through the airways;

Problems getting air in and out of lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

The main lower respiratory illness

A

COPD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Three types of lower respiratory illnesses

A

Chronic bronchitis
Persistent asthma
Emphysema (COPD)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Bronchodilators

A

Relax bronchial smooth muscle bands= dilate bronchi and bronchioles

Makes it easier to breath

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Beta adrenergic agonists

A

Bronchodilates very fast
Beta 2
Used in acute phase of an asthma attack

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Contraindications of beta adrenergic agonists

A

Uncontrolled cardiac dysrhythmias (fast rates)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Side effects of beta adrenergic agonists

A 
CNS effects (headache, dizzy, tremors, nervous) 
Throat irritation and drug tolerance
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

It is easy to overdoes on beta adrenergic agonists

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Interactions of beta adrenergic agonists

A

Beta blockers

MAOI’s and other sympathomimetics= hypertension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What does MAO’s do

A

Break down epi, norepinephrine, and dopamine

Without MAO’s you will have a lot of epi, norepinephrine, and dopamine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Adrenaline

A

Beta adrenergic agonist (epinephrine)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Proventil

A

Albuterol
Used for rescue inhalers
Beta adrenergic agonist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Xanthine derivatives (xanthine)

A

Non selective
Plant alkaloids
Slow onset of action
Prevention and symptomatic treatment of chronic bronchitis and emphysema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Action of xanthine

A

Directly stimulates respiratory center (tells it to breath)
Smooth muscle relaxation
Inhibition of chemical mediators that cause allergic reactions
Increase HR and force of cardiac contractions= increase blood flow to kidneys= diuretic effect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Are xanthines used for rescue

A

No, it has a slow onset and it doesn’t directly affect bronchioles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Contraindications of xanthines

A

Uncontrolled cardiac dysrhythmias

Seizure disorders

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Is caffeine a xanthine derivative

A

Yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Side effects of xanthines

A

Minor GI

Cardiac= tachycardia, palpitations, ventricular dysrhythmias

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Interactions of xanthines

A

A lot of them

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Theo-dur

A

Xanthine derivative

Theophylline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What do anticholinergics do to bronchials

A

They block acetylcholine so there is no bronchial constriction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Atrovent (ipratropium bromide)

A

Anticholinergic

Can be given by inhaler or nebulizer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Combivent

A

Duoneb
Combination on albuterol and ipratropium bromide
Beta agonist and anticholinergic

23
Q

Anti-inflammatory respiratory agent

A

Suppress inflammatory causes of respiratory diseases

24
Q

Are corticosteroids used for short term or long term

A

Long term management. For maintenance only not rescue

25
Q

Why are corticosteroids used for respiratory illnesses

A

For their anti-inflammatory response

26
Q

How are corticosteroids administered

A

Inhalation

27
Q

Indications for corticosteroids

A

Treatment of bronchospastic disorders to control inflammatory response

28
Q

What are corticosteroids used concurrently with

A

Bronchodilators

29
Q

Side effects of corticosteroids

A

Pharyngeal irritation
Coughing
Dry mouth
Oral fungal infections

30
Q

Why are inhalers better

A

They don’t have as many side effects

31
Q

Examples of corticosteroids for respiratory issues

A 
Flovent 
Vanderbilt
Pulmicort
Azmacort
Advair
32
Q

Advair discus system

A

Combo corticosteroid and beta 2 agonist

33
Q

Antileukotrienes actions

A

Blocks synthesis of leukotrienes

Blocks leukotriene receptors

34
Q

What do leukotrienes do

A

Cause inflammation, bronchi constriction, and mucus production

35
Q

What causes the release of leukotrienes

A

Immune system

36
Q

Side effects of antileukotrienes

A

Dyspepsia, nausea, headache, dizziness,

Could lead to liver failure

37
Q

Singulair

A

Example of antileukotriene

38
Q

Antileukotrienes are administered _____ and are used for _____

A

Orally

Long term use only (not rescue)

39
Q

Mast cell stabilizers actions

A

Prevent the release of chemical mediators including histamine, that cause inflammation and bronchi constriction

40
Q

Are mast cell stabilizers direct or no direct bronchodilators

A

No direct

41
Q

Indications for mast cell stabilizers

A

Exercise induced asthma
Symptomatic prevention of seasonal allergic rhinitis
Relieve allergic eye disorder
Treatment of chronic inflammatory bowel disease (Chron’s)

42
Q

Side effects of mast cell stabilizers

A

Minor respiratory (cough, sore throat, rhinitis, bronchospasm)

43
Q

Nasalcrom (cromolyn)

Intal

A

Mast cell stabilizer
Inhaled
80 minute half life

44
Q

How often might cromolyn need to be used

A

4-6 times a day

45
Q

What should you do after using an inhaler

A

Rinse your mouth

46
Q

What should you incourage For a patient using an inhaler

A

FLUIDS

47
Q

It is okay for saliva and sputum to be what color

A

Pink after inhaler use

48
Q

If a patient is using multiple inhalers what should you tell them

A

Use bronchodilator and wait 20-30 minutes then take steroid

49
Q

How quickly should improvements occur with albuterol

A

15 minutes

If not follow up with physician

50
Q

How do you determine the volume of medication left in inhaler

A

Drop inhaler into water (without mouthpiece)

51
Q

If it drops to bottom and lies on side it is

A

Full

52
Q

If it drops to bottom and bottom of inhaler points up it is

A

3/4 full

53
Q

Lands in water with 1/4 of bottom expose it is

A

1/2 full

54
Q

If inhaler floats on top it is

A

Nearly empty

55
Q

Herb: eucalyptus

A

Used in cold remedies

Opens upper airways

56
Q

Flonase (fluticasone propionate)

A

Corticoid

Pharm Test 3 (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions