Coagulation Modifiers

Question 0

Indications of anticoagulants

Answer 0

Mi
Unstable angina
A fib
Mechanical heart valves

Question 1

Anticoagulants

Answer 1

Prevent clot formation

Prevents clots from getting bigger

Question 2

Contraindication of anticoagulants

Answer 2

Anything that you do not want to increase bleeding with or don’t want to prevent clots

Leukemia, pregnancy, acute bleeding, high risk for bleeding

Question 3

Side effects of anticoagulants

Answer 3

Bleeding

Question 4

Interactions with anticoagulants

Answer 4

Multiple drug interactions

Question 5

Toxicity of anticoagulants

Answer 5

Hematuria, Melena, petechiae, ecchymoses, mucus membrane bleeding

Question 6

Heparin

Answer 6

Anticoagulant
Iv drip, subq, bolus
Monitor lab values q6h
Short term

Question 7

Lovenox

Answer 7

Prophylaxis
In patient or outpatient
Subq
Short term

Question 8

Coumadin

Answer 8

Interferes with production of vitamin K
Monitoring 2 times a week
Lots of drug interactions but can be adjusted
Oral, long term

Question 9

Pradaxa

Answer 9

Patients that have a fib or dvt
Oral, long term
No antidote
No testing to see if it is working

Question 10

Anti-platelets

Answer 10

Prevents clot formation by prevent platelets from working

Question 11

Indications of anti-platelets

Answer 11

Reduction of mi, stroke,

Treat intermittent claudication

Question 12

Aspirin

Answer 12

Anti platelet

Question 13

Plavix

Answer 13

Anti platelet
Very potent
No antidote
Has to be off for a while before surgery

Question 14

Trental and pletal

Answer 14

Anti platelet

Question 15

Thrombolytics

Answer 15

Kills clots
Happens immediately
Activates conversion of plasminogen to plasmin which breaks down thrombus

Question 16

Indications of thrombolytics

Answer 16

Acute MI
Arterial thrombosis, dvt, pulmonary embolism
Occlusion of shunts or catheters

Question 17

Adverse effects of thrombolytics

Answer 17

Any type of bleeding

Question 18

Activase

Answer 18

Thrombolytic

Question 19

Nursing implications for anyone on any kind or anticoagulant

Answer 19

Report any abnormal bleeding
B careful not to cut self
Report bleeding that lasts longer than 10 minutes avoid eating foods high in vitamin K

Question 20

Antifibrinolytic

Answer 20

Prevents breaking down of clots

Prevention and treatment of excessive bleeding

Question 21

Protamine sulfate

Answer 21

Heparin antagonist (antidote) 
Bleeding stops in 5 minutes

Question 22

Vitamin K

Answer 22

Coumadin antagonist (antidote)
Iv
Difference seen in 6 hours, lasts about a week

Question 23

Antilipemics

Answer 23

Cholesterol medications

Question 24

Statins

Answer 24

#1 cholesterol drug 
Decreases rate of cholesterol production in the liver

Question 25

Side effects of statins are_____ and contraindications are _____

Answer 25

GI and leg cramps

Liver disease

Question 26

Atorvastatin
Pravastatin
Simvastatin
Rosuvastatin

Answer 26

Statin cholesterol drugs

Question 27

Bile acid sequestrants

Answer 27

Only take if they can’t tolerate statins

Works at receptors that get rid of cholesterol

Question 28

Fibric acid derivatives

Answer 28

Breaks down cholesterol

Only used if cannot tolerate statins

Question 29

Mechanism of action of fibric acid derivatives

Answer 29

Activating lipoprotein lipase (enzyme responsible for breakdown of cholesterol)

Question 30

Niacin

Answer 30

Helps lower cholesterol and triglycerides

Side effects are: flushing, pruritis, GI distress