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GSSE > lower linb Bank questions > Flashcards

lower linb Bank questions Flashcards

1
Q

At the hip joint

Does the obturator internus produces lateral rotation ?

A

True

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2
Q

At the hip joint :

Does the gluteus medius produces abduction ?

A

True

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3
Q

– At the hip joint does the : gluteus minimus produces medial rotation?

A

true

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4
Q

At the hip joint does the obturator externus produces medial rotation

A

false

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5
Q

is the gluteus maximus muscle attached to the intertrochanteric line of the femur

A

false

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6
Q

is The gluteus maximus muscle attached to the iliotibial tract

A

True

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7
Q

is The gluteus maximus muscle supplied by fibres from L4, L5 and S1

A

false

posterior divisions of the L5, S1 and S2 nerve roots of the sacral plexus

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8
Q

is The gluteus maximus muscle an extensor of the trunk on the lower limb

A

True

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9
Q

The superior gluteal nerve (T/F)
A. has a cutaneous distribution to the skin of the buttock
B. gives off deep and superficial branches
C. supplies the tensor fascia lata
D. supplies the gluteus maximus
E. contains fibres from the second sacral spinal segment

A

C. supplies the tensor fascia lata

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10
Q

when does The ossification centre of the femoral head appear?

A

in the first year of life

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11
Q

The femoral canal : at its proximal end is medial to the femoral vein (T/F)

A

True

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12
Q

the femoral canal: contains the femoral branch of the genitofemoral nerve ?

A

False

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13
Q

the femoral canal : at its proximal end is posterior to the inguinal ligament

A

True

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14
Q

the femoral canal: is the lateral compartment of the femoral sheath

A

false

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15
Q

The femoral triangle

1: has a floor formed by the iliacus muscle, the psoas major tendon, the pectineus muscle and the adductor longus muscle

A

True

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16
Q

the femoral triangle

is bounded below and medially by the adductor brevis muscle ?

A

False

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17
Q

The femoral triangle : is roofed over by the fascia lata of the thigh

A

true

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18
Q

The femoral triangle: contains the obturator nerve ?

A

false

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19
Q

The femoral vein in the femoral triangle : is medial to the femoral artery ?

A

True

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20
Q

The femoral vein in the femoral triangle : is lateral to the femoral canal

A

True

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21
Q

The femoral vein in the femoral triangle : directly receives the great (long) saphenous vein

A

True

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22
Q

The femoral vein in the femoral triangle : directly receives the profunda femoris vein

A

True

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23
Q 
Boundaries of the femoral ring include (t/F)
inguinal ligament 
femoral vein
lacunar ligament 
pectineal ligament
A

TTTT

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24
Q

In femoral hernia, the hernial sac (F/F)
passes behind the inguinal ligament.
Passes medial to the femoral vein.
Passes anterior to the superior pubic ramus.
Is covered by the fascias of the femoral septum and the cribriform fascia.
Contains a large quantity of fat.

A

TTTTT
The sac of a femoral hernia passes behind the inguinal ligament (1 true) into the femoral canal, which lies medial to the femoral vein and anterior to the superior pubic ramus. (2 & 3 true). The sac enters the femoral canal through its upper opening -the femoral ring. This is normally closed by the femoral septum, a fusion of iliopectineal fascia behind and transversalis fascia anteriorly. The sac, covered by extraperitoneal fat and femoral septum fascia, leaves the femoral canal to enter the subcutaneous tissues of thigh and groin, by passing anteriorly through the fossa ovalis and its overlying cribriform fascia. (4 true). The sac of a femoral hernia thus contains several fascial layers separated from each other by fat. A large portion of the sac is fatty (5 true) which can make the cough impulse of a femoral hernia less obvious.

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25
Q

Femoral hernia is (T/F)
1: More common in female than in male patients.
More common than inguinal hernia in female patients.
Able to be controlled by the wearing of a hernia truss.
Classically associated with strangulation bowl obstruction of Richter type.
More prone to recurrence after surgery than is inguinal hernia.

A

TFFTF
Femoral hernia is more common in females than in males (1 true). You would need to go back further to find the records of 100 femoral hernia repairs, because femoral hernias are much less common than are inguinal hernias. But there would be a majority of females in your group. The femoral ring and canal are wider in females than males, in keeping with the wider female pelvis. Inguinal hernias outnumber femoral in women as well as in men (2 false). Thus if you identify a groin hernia and you cannot be sure of the clinical diagnosis in a male, the odds on it being inguinal are quite high. In a woman under the same circumstances the hernia is also more likely to be inguinal, but the odds will not be so great. For most hernias, a truss is not a reliable method of control. The hernia must be reducible and the truss needs to control the defect and prevent the hernia escaping. If the hernia does protrude while a truss is worn, the effectiveness of the truss is lost and the risk of strangulation increased. A truss might be occasionally helpful in an infirm patient when the mouth of the hernial sac is wide, the hernia is easily reducible and the risk of strangulation considered low. Femoral hernias have a small neck and a tortuous sac pathway and are particularly unsuited to truss use (3 false). Response 4 is true and 5 false (see X1).

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26
Q

Division of the lumbo-sacral trunk would cause ? (t/f)
loss of skin sensibility in the great toe
weakness of peroneus longus
weakness of extensor hallucis longus
weakness of abductor hallucis

A

TTTF

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27
Q

does the ventral primary ramus of S1 contribute to the pudendal nerve ?

A

False:
Nerve roots – S2-S4
Sensory – innervates the external genitalia of both sexes and the skin around the anus, anal canal and perineum
Motor – innervates various pelvic muscles, the external urethral sphincter and the external anal sphincter.

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28
Q

does the ventral primary ramus of S1 distribute to evertors of the foot ?

A

True

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29
Q 
The sacral plexus 
 supplies obturator externus muscle ?
 is formed by ventral rami of L4, L5, S1, S2,S3 and S4 spinal nerves ?
receives the lumbosacral trunk ?
 lies in front of the piriformis muscle?
A

FTTT

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30
Q

The femoral nerve

supplies skin on the medial side of the leg ?

A

True

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31
Q

The femoral nerve

enters the thigh anterior to the iliopsoas fascia ?

A

flase

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32
Q

The femoral nerve

supplies the psoas major muscle ?

A

flase

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33
Q

The femoral nerve

supplies the pectineus muscle ?

A

true

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34
Q

The femoral nerve : is formed in the substance of psoas major

A

True

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35
Q

The femoral nerve: emerges on the lateral side of the psoas muscle ?

A

True

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36
Q

The femoral nerve : lies on the iliacus muscle beneath the inguinal ligament

A

True

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37
Q

is formed from the posterior divisions of the ventral rami of L 2, 3, 4

A

True

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38
Q

The femoral nerve is most likely to :
A. arise from the anterior divisions of the ventral rami of L2, L3, L4
B supply the gracilis muscle
C. lie medial to the femoral artery under the inguinal ligament
D. supply sensation to skin on the medial malleolus
E. supply sensation to the skin over the central border of the foot via the sural nerve

A

D via saphenous nerve

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39
Q

The femoral nerve supplies the : pectineus ?

A

true

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40
Q

The femoral nerve supplies the : tensor fasciae latae ?

A

false : superior gluteal nerve

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41
Q

The femoral nerve supplies the : psoas major?

A

flase : supplied segmentally from the lumbar plexus.

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42
Q

The femoral nerve supplies the :gracilis

A

flase, obturator

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43
Q

S. The femoral nerve remains outside the femoral sheath BECAUSE R. the femoral nerve lies behind the fascia iliaca ?

A

True and True

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44
Q

S. The femoral nerve supplies muscles in the extensor compartment of the thigh BECAUSE R. the femoral nerve is derived from posterior divisions of anterior primary rami

A

True and True

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45
Q

The sciatic nerve : gives a branch to adductor magnus ?

A

True

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46
Q

The sciatic nerve : supplies extensors of the hip

A

True

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47
Q

The sciatic nerve : supplies flexors of the knee

A

true

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48
Q

The sciatic nerve : supplies skin on the posterior aspect of the thigh

A

Flase. femoral posterior cutaneous nerve fo thigh.

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49
Q

The sciatic nerve: supplies all three hamstrings and ischial fibres of adductor magnus

A

True

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50
Q

The sciatic nerve : is a direct posterior relation of the hip capsule

A

flase

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51
Q

The sciatic nerve : supplies quadratus femoris and obturator internus

A

flase

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52
Q

The sciatic nerve : is supplied with blood by a branch of the inferior gluteal artery

A

True

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53
Q

Division of the sciatic nerve would result in loss of sensation where?

A

on the lateral side of the calf and most of the foot

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54
Q

As it passes down the thigh, the sciatic nerve is crossed superficially from medial to lateral by

A

long head of biceps femoris

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55
Q

With respect to the nerve supply of the lower limb :
all interosseous muscles of the foot are supplied by the medial plantar nerve
the weight bearing area of the heel is supplied by the medial calcaneal nerve
extension of the knee is associated with spinal segments L4/5
sensation in the groin is associated with spinal segment L1

A

False
true
false
True

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56
Q 
Which of the following muscles does not arise from the ischial tuberosity? 
A. semimembranosus 
B. adductor magnus 
C. obturator externus 
D. long head of biceps femoris 
E. semitendinosus
A

C. obturator externus

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57
Q

S. Fracture of the femoral neck proximal to the capsular attachment may cause aseptic necrosis BECAUSE R. the head and neck of the femur receive their blood supply mainly through the subcapsular retinacular arteries

A

True and True

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58
Q

The deep fascia of the thigh:
receives the insertion of the whole of the tensor fasciae latae muscle
splits to enclose the gluteus maximus muscle
is attached to the inguinal ligament
receives the insertion of the whole of the gluteus maximus muscle

A

TTTF

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59
Q

THE FEMORAL ARTERY

is deep to the adductor brevis muscle ?

A

false

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60
Q

the femoral artery

lies anterior to the tendon of psoas major ?

A

true

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61
Q

the femoral artery

gives only a profunda branch in the femoral triangle

A

false

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62
Q

the femoral artery

is posterior to the femoral vein in the upper part of the adductor (subsartorial) canal

A

false

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63
Q

The cruciate anastomosis is formed from?

1: the transverse branch of the medial circumflex artery
2: the descending branch of the inferior gluteal artery
3: the ascending branch of the first perforating artery
4: the ascending branch of the lateral circumflex artery

A

1: the transverse branch of the medial circumflex artery
2: the descending branch of the inferior gluteal artery
3: the ascending branch of the first perforating artery

NOT 4: the ascending branch of the lateral circumflex artery

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64
Q

The pectineus muscle

is covered on its deep surface by the fascia lata ?

A

false

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65
Q

the pectoneous muscle

is inserted along the spiral line of the femur ?

A

false (the pectineal line)

66
Q

lies anterior to the anterior division of the obturator nerve

A

true

67
Q

the pectoneous muscle

is attached to the pubic tubercle

A

false

68
Q

the pectoneous : is supplied by the posterior division of the femoral nerve ?

A

false (anterior branches) the posterior do the quadricepts and saphenous nerve. the anterior do pectineous, sartorious and the medical and intermediate cutaneous branches.

69
Q

At the distal end of the femur

the popliteus muscle is attached to the anterior end of a groove on the lateral condyle of the femur

A

True:

the popliteus muscle is attached to the anterior end of a groove on the lateral condyle of the femur

70
Q

At the distal end of the femur

the lateral condyle projects further forwards than the medial condyle

A

True

71
Q

At the distal end of the femur

the anterior cruciate ligament is attached to the lateral condyle

A

true

72
Q

S. The short head of biceps femoris is supplied from segments L5 and S1 BECAUSE (T/F)

R. the short head of biceps femoris is supplied by the tibial division of the sciatic nerve (T/F)

A

T

F (common fibular portion)

73
Q 
The adductor muscles of the thigh are arranged anteroposteriorly in the order 
?
A. longus, magnus, brevis 
B. brevis, longus, magnus 
C. longus, brevis, magnus 
D. brevis, magnus, longus 
E. none of the above
A

C. longus, brevis, magnus

74
Q

S. The adductor magnus is partly supplied by the peroneal component of the sciatic nerve BECAUSE (T/F)

R. the adductor magnus is a composite of adductor and hamstring muscles (T/F)

A

F

T

75
Q

The adductor brevis

1: arises from the superior pubic ramus ?

A

False (inferior pubic ramus)

76
Q

The adductor brevis

2: is supplied by both the femoral and obturator nerves

A

F

77
Q

The adductor brevis

has the femoral nerve directly in front of it ?

A

False

78
Q

The adductor brevis

lies deep to the pectineus

A

True

79
Q

The adductor brevis

lies in front of the posterior division of the obturator nerve

A

True

80
Q

The semimembranosus muscle
A. produces lateral rotation of tibia upon femur
B. helps to limit flexion at the hip when the knee is extended
C. has two heads of origin
D. is supplied by the common peroneal division of the sciatic nerve
E. crosses superficial to the sciatic nerve in the upper part of the thigh

A

B. helps to limit flexion at the hip when the knee is extended

81
Q

Important abductors of the hip joint include

1: gluteus maximus
2: gluteus medius
3: piriformis
4: gluteus minimus

A

1: gluteus maximus T
2: gluteus medius T
3: piriformis F
4: gluteus minimus T

82
Q

With regard to the quadriceps femoris muscle

1: the rectus femoris has one attachment to the pelvis
2: the vastus lateralis has fleshy fibres extending more distally than those of the vastus medialis
3: its nerve supply comes from the lumbar and sacral spinal nerves
4: the lowermost fibres of the vastus medialis are nearly vertical

A

1: the rectus femoris has one attachment to the pelvis F
2: the vastus lateralis has fleshy fibres extending more distally than those of the vastus medialis F
3: its nerve supply comes from the lumbar and sacral spinal nerves F
4: the lowermost fibres of the vastus medialis are nearly vertical F

83
Q

Muscles which may be innervated by more than one nerve include

1: obturator externus
2: pectineus
3: semimembranosus
4: adductor magnus

A

1: obturator externus F
2: pectineus T
3: semimembranosus F
4: adductor magnus T

84
Q

S:The hamstring muscles are used only in strong extension of the thigh at the hip, but not as extensors in normal walking
because
R:the gluteus maximus muscle is used for extension of the hip joint in normal walking

A

FALSE
FALSE
The hamstring muscles cross two joints and are the main extensors of the thigh at the hip, and flexors of the leg at the knee, especially during walking (S false).
Gluteus maximus is not used for extension of the hip joint in normal walking, remaining lax in this activity (R false). Gluteus maximus is important at the extremes of hip extension; eg in climbing stairs, running.

85
Q

The adductor (subsartorial) canal

1: contains the nerve to the vastus medialis muscle
2: contains the saphenous nerve
3: is bounded laterally by the vastus lateralis muscle
4: contains the profunda femoris vessels

A

1: contains the nerve to the vastus medialis muscle T
2: contains the saphenous nerve T
3: is bounded laterally by the vastus lateralis muscle F
4: contains the profunda femoris vessels F

86
Q

The boundaries of the adductor canal include the :

1: sartorius and the subsartorial fascia
2: adductor magnus
3: vastus medialis
4: adductor longus

A

1: sartorius and the subsartorial fascia T
2: adductor magnus T
3: vastus medialis T
4: adductor longus T

87
Q

At the knee joint

1: lateral rotation of the femur at the beginning of flexion of the leg on the thigh is produced by popliteus
2: active rotation of the leg on the thigh is possible when the leg is flexed to ninety degrees
3: the suprapatellar bursa communicates with the cavity of the joint
4: the medial meniscus is attached along its peripheral border to the deep portion of the tibial collateral ligament

A

1: lateral rotation of the femur at the beginning of flexion of the leg on the thigh is produced by popliteus T
2: active rotation of the leg on the thigh is possible when the leg is flexed to ninety degrees T
3: the suprapatellar bursa communicates with the cavity of the joint T
4: the medial meniscus is attached along its peripheral border to the deep portion of the tibial collateral ligament T

88
Q

At the knee joint

1: the lateral and medial collateral ligaments contribute to the limitation of rotatory movements of the thigh on the leg
2: quadriceps power is increased by hip extension
3: the cruciate ligaments prevent backward and forward gliding of the femur on the tibia
4: the semimembranosus muscle can rotate the leg medially on the thigh

A

1: the lateral and medial collateral ligaments contribute to the limitation of rotatory movements of the thigh on the leg T
2: quadriceps power is increased by hip extension T
3: the cruciate ligaments prevent backward and forward gliding of the femur on the tibia T
4: the semimembranosus muscle can rotate the leg medially on the thigh T

89
Q

The synovial membrane of the knee

1: may communicate with a bursa under the medial head of gastrocnemius
2: is reflected over the front of the anterior cruciate ligament
3: is reflected as a bursa beneath the tendon of popliteus
4: connects with a prepatellar bursa

A

1: may communicate with a bursa under the medial head of gastrocnemius T
2: is reflected over the front of the anterior cruciate ligament T
3: is reflected as a bursa beneath the tendon of popliteus T
4: connects with a prepatellar bursa F

90
Q

The patella

is not ossified at birth?

A

TRUE

91
Q

THE PATELLA

is prevented from lateral displacement by the greater prominence of the lateral femoral condyle

A

TRUE

92
Q

THE PATELLA

gives attachment to fibres of the vastus medialis

A

TRUE

93
Q

THE PATELLA

has a larger medial articular surface as compared with its lateral articular surface

A

FALSE

94
Q

18868 – Which of the following bursae normally communicates with the knee joint
A. the popliteus bursa
B. the bursa under lateral head of gastrocnemius
C. the prepatellar bursa
D. the superficial infrapatellar bursa
E. the bursa anserine

A

A. the popliteus bursa

95
Q

The anterior cruciate ligament of the knee

1: limits extension of the lateral condyle of the femur ?

A

TRUE

96
Q

THE acl OF THE KNEE

is the primary restraint of posterior displacement of tibia upon femur

A

is the primary restraint of posterior displacement of tibia upon femur TRUE

97
Q

The anterior cruciate ligament of the knee : is extrasynovial : is extrasynovial ?

A

TRUE

98
Q

The anterior cruciate ligament of the knee

arises from the anterior tibial spine ?

A

FALSE

ARRISES FROM THE ANTERIOR TIBIAL IMMIMENCE

99
Q

18946 – The anterior cruciate ligament
A. passes upwards, backwards and laterally from the tibial eminence
B. lies anteromedial to the posterior cruciate ligament
C. limits external rotation by winding around the posterior cruciate ligament D. prevents the femur from slipping forward off the tibial plateau
E. lies within the synovial cavity

A

A. passes upwards, backwards and laterally from the tibial eminence

100
Q

The semilunar cartilages of the knee (T/F)

1: function in load absorption
2: contribute to stability of the joint
3: move passively during flexion and extension of the knee
4: are vascular close to their peripheral attachments

A

TTTT

101
Q

The lateral meniscus of the knee

A. is attached to the fibular collateral ligament
B. gives part origin to the popliteus muscle
C. is attached to the anterior cruciate ligament by an extension of the attachment of the anterior hor
D. is larger than the medial meniscus
E. is totally devoid of vascular supply

A

B
The fibular collateral ligament is extracapsular, running from lateral condyle of femur to fibular head (A false).
The lateral meniscus has an attachment to the tendon of popliteus (B true),
but not to the anterior cruciate ligament (C false).
The medial meniscus is rather larger than the lateral (D false)
both menisci are vascularised at their outer margins (E false).

102
Q

The popliteus

A. arises by tendon from the soleal line
B. is supplied by the deep peroneal nerve
C. is an extensor of the knee joint
D. rotates the femur laterally on the tibia
E. has a bursa lying superficial to its tendon

A

D. rotates the femur laterally on the tibia

103
Q

The popliteal artery

1: is anterior to the popliteal vein

A

TRUE

104
Q

The popliteal artery

is anterior to the tibial (medial popliteal) nerve ?

A

TRUE

105
Q

The popliteal artery

is anterior to the popliteus muscle ?

A

FLASE

106
Q

The popliteal artery

divides into the anterior and posterior tibial arteries

A

TRUE

107
Q

With respect to the venous drainage of the lower limb

1: the saphenous nerve is closely associated with the long saphenous vein in the leg?

A

TRUE

108
Q

With respect to the venous drainage of the lower limb
the long saphenous vein does not provide the principal drainage of the medial side of the leg between the tibia and tendo calcaneus?

A

TRUE

109
Q

With respect to the venous drainage of the lower limb

the femoral vein is posterior to the femoral artery at the lower angle of the femoral triangle

A

TRUE

110
Q

With respect to the venous drainage of the lower limb

the soleus muscle contains a rich plexus of veins ?

A

TRUE

111
Q

With regard to the tibia

the flexor hallucis longus muscle is attached to its posterior surface ?

A

TRUE

112
Q

Flexor digitorum longus

A. crosses deep to tibialis posterior in the calf
B. crosses deep to flexor hallucis longus in the sole
C. is a bipennate muscle that arises from both bones of the leg
D. is the bulkiest and most powerful of the three deep muscles of the calf
E. is superficial to the neurovascular bundle

A

C. is a bipennate muscle that arises from both bones of the leg

113
Q

The gastrocnemius muscle

originates partly from the popliteal surface of the femur just above the medial condyle (T/F)?

A

True

114
Q

The gastrocnemius muscle

is innervated by the tibial nerve ?

A

True

115
Q

The gastrocnemius muscle

is attached through the tendo calcaneus to the middle third of the posterior surface of the calcaneus

A

tue

116
Q

The gastrocnemius muscle

has its dominant blood supply from the inferior genicular arteries

A

False

117
Q

S:The strength of plantar flexion by gastrocnemius is increased by simultaneous extension of the knee because

R:the foot acts as a lever during plantar flexion

A

True

true but not an explanation of A

118
Q

The soleus muscle

arises from the tibia and fibula ?

A

True

119
Q

The soleus muscle

is a plantar flexor of the foot at the ankle joint?

A

true

120
Q

The soleus muscle

has a tendon which begins at a higher level than that of the gastrocnemius muscle

A

false

121
Q

The tibial nerve

is superficial to the popliteal vessels in the popliteal fossa

A

True

122
Q

The tibial nerve

gives branches to the muscles which dorsiflex the foot

A

false

123
Q

The tibial nerve

gives branches to the knee and ankle joints

A

True

124
Q

The tibial nerve

gives off the sural nerve to the medial side of the leg and foot

A

False

gives off the sural nerve to the lateral side of the leg and foot

125
Q

The tibial nerve
A. is derived from the ventral rami of L4, L5, S1, S2 and S3
B. lies medial to the popliteal vessels in the upper part of the popliteal fossa
C. gives off the lateral sural nerve
D. supplies the short head of the biceps femoris
E. has none of the above properties

A

A. is derived from the ventral rami of L4, L5, S1, S2 and S3

126
Q

The common peroneal nerve is distributed to ?

1: the skin between the third and fourth toes
2: the knee joint
3: the skin of the lateral side of the calf
4: all the muscles producing eversion of the foot

A

TTTT
The common peroneal nerve passes the knee joint and supplies it in accordance with Hilton’s law (B true). On the lateral head of gastrocnemius it gives off the lateral cutaneous nerve of the calf (C true), and then divides into superficial and deep peroneal nerves just below the neck of the fibula. The superficial peroneal nerve supplies the evertors of the foot (D true) and ends by dividing into medial and lateral cutaneous branches on the dorsum of the foot. A division of the lateral branch supplies the cleft between third and fourth toes (A true).

127
Q

The deep peroneal nerve supplies

A. popliteus 
B. plantaris 
C. skin on the lateral side of the dorsum of the foot 
D. peroneus longus 
E. peroneus tertius
A

E. peroneus tertius

128
Q 
The motorneurones responsible for the knee-jerk are located mainly in spinal cord segments 
A. L1, L2 
B. L2, L3 
C. L3, L4 
D. L4, L5 
E. L5, S1
A

C. L3, L4

129
Q

S. Division of the superficial peroneal nerve results in foot drop
BECAUSE
R. the superficial peroneal nerve supplies the tibialis anterior muscle

A

false

false

130
Q

A patient has foot drop and anaesthesia over the dorsum of the foot except on the lateral side. The lesion is likely to involve the

A. tibial and peroneal nerves 
B. common peroneal nerve 
C. lumbosacral trunk 
D. ventral rami of S1 and S2 
E. tibial nerve
A

B. common peroneal nerve

131
Q

The ventral primary ramus of L4 is distributed to

1: the skin of the medial side of the leg
2: muscles which dorsiflex the ankle joint
3: muscles which invert the foot
4: muscles which flex the knee joint

A

TTTF

hamstring muscles which flex the knee joint

132
Q 
The cutaneous innervation over the medial malleolus at the ankle is derived from which of the following spine segments? 
A. L3 
B. L4 
C. L5 
D. S1 
E. S2
A

B. L4

133
Q 
The great (long) saphenous vein 
has more valves above the knee than below ?
A

false

more above

134
Q 
The great (long) saphenous vein 
is intimately related to the saphenous nerve in the leg ?
A

true

135
Q 
The great (long) saphenous vein 
 is connected to the deep veins by perforating vessels whose valves contain muscular sphincters derived form the tunica media
A

false

136
Q 
The great (long) saphenous vein 
is anterior to the medial malleolus
A

false

137
Q

In the region of the ankle joint

the posterior tibial artery can be palpated behind the medial malleolus

A

true

138
Q

In the region of the ankle joint
the anterior tibial artery can be palpated between the tendons of the extensor hallucis longus and extensor digitorum longus

A

true

139
Q

In the region of the ankle joint

the flexor retinaculum is attached to the medial malleolus above and the calcaneus below

A

true

140
Q

In the region of the ankle joint

the dorsalis pedis artery terminates at the distal end of the first intermetatarsal space

A

false - proximal end

141
Q

The talus articulates with all EXCEPT which of the following?
A. the tibia
B. the navicular
C. the posterior tibiofibular ligament
D. the inferior calcaneonavicular ligament
E. the long plantar ligament

A

E. the long plantar ligament

142
Q

The sustentaculum tali

1: gives partial attachment to the spring ligament
2: is a projection from the calcaneus
3: supports the head of the talus
4: gives partial attachment to the deltoid ligament

A

TTTT
The sustentaculum tali is a shelf projecting from the upper part of the medial surface of the calcaneus supporting the head of the talus (B and C true). The rounded medial border of the sustentaculum tali gives attachment over its whole thickness to the spring ligament in front and the superficial lamina of the deltoid ligament behind (A and D true).

143
Q

The deltoid ligament is attached to the

medial malleolus ?

A

true

144
Q

The deltoid ligament is attached to the

sustentaculum tali in continuity with the inferior transverse ligament ?

A

FALSE

yes to sustentaculum but not the inferior transverse ligament.

145
Q

The deltoid ligament is attached to the

inferior calcaneo-navicular (spring) ligament ?

A

true

146
Q

The deltoid ligament is attached to the

tuberosity of the navicular ?

A

true

147
Q

The deltoid ligament is attached to the

1: medial malleolus
2: sustentaculum tali
3: inferior calcaneo-navicular (spring) ligament
4: tuberosity of the navicular

A 
TTTT
The deltoid (medial) ligament of the ankle is an extremely strong ligament arising from the lower border of the medial malleolus (A true) and having a long distal attachment extending from the body of the talus posteriorly, along the sustentaculum tali, talar neck and the medial edge of the spring ligament to the tuberosity of the navicular (B,C,D true).
148
Q

On the anterior aspect of the ankle joint the tendon of the extensor hallucis longus

A. is medial to the tibialis anterior
B. is lateral to the deep peroneal nerve
C. is lateral to the extensor digitorum longus
D. possesses no synovial sheath
E. is medial to the anterior tibial artery

A

E. is medial to the anterior tibial artery

149
Q

The lateral plantar artery

anastomoses with the medial plantar artery to complete the plantar arch

A

false , anastomoses with the dorsalis pedis more superficially.
the medial just cruises up to the big toe alone

150
Q

The lateral plantar artery

crosses the sole obliquely on the lateral side of the lateral plantar nerve

A

True

151
Q

The lateral plantar artery

lies deep to the flexor accessorius muscle

A

false

152
Q

The lateral plantar artery

anastomoses with dorsalis pedis and arcuate arteries

A

true

153
Q

The muscles which are commonly supplied by the medial plantar nerve include

1: the adductor hallucis
2: the flexor hallucis brevis
3: the flexor accessorius (quadratus plantae)
4: the first lumbrical muscle

A

false
true
false
true

154
Q 
Flexion of both hip and knee joints is produced by 
A. rectus femoris 
B. semitendinosus 
C. biceps femoris 
D. sartorius 
E. tensor fasciae latae
A

D. sartorius

155
Q 
Which of the following lies in the second muscular layer of the sole? 
A. peroneus longus tendon 
B. abductor digiti minimi 
C. flexor accessorius 
D. flexor digitorum brevis 
E. flexor digiti minimi brevis
A

C. flexor accessorius

156
Q

The flexor hallucis longus

arises from the inferior two-thirds of the posterior surface of the shaft of the tibia

A

false

arises from the flexor surface of the fubula and from the adjoining aponurosis of the flexor digitorum longus.

157
Q

The flexor hallucis longus

grooves the posterior surface of the medial malleolus

A

false

goes under the calcaneous

158
Q

The flexor hallucis longus

crosses superficial to the tendon of the flexor digitorum longus in the sole of the foot?

A

false,

the flexor digi longus if superficial and the hallucis is under it when they cross

159
Q

The flexor hallucis longus

4: grooves the posterior aspect of the talus

A

true

160
Q

Extensor digitorum longus
A. crosses the ankle joint medial to tibialis anterior
B. crosses the ankle joint medial to extensor hallucis longus
C. crosses the ankle joint lateral to the deep peroneal nerve
D. supplies tendons to the medial four toes
E. does none of the above

A

C. crosses the ankle joint lateral to the deep peroneal nerve

161
Q

S. Mobility of the first metatarso-phalangeal joint is important in normal walking
BECAUSE
R. flexor hallucis longus is a powerful contributor to the propulsive force of the foot

A

true

true

GSSE (9 decks)

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